WoRMS taxon details

Parasmittina Osburn, 1952

110978  (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:110978)

  1. Biota
  2. Animalia (Kingdom)
  3. Bryozoa (Phylum)
  4. Gymnolaemata (Class)
  5. Cheilostomatida (Order)
  6. Flustrina (Suborder)
  7. Smittinoidea (Superfamily)
  8. Smittinidae (Family)
  9. Parasmittina (Genus)
accepted
Genus

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  1. Species Parasmittina abrolhosensis Ramalho, Taylor & Moraes, 2018
  2. Species Parasmittina acondylata Dick, Ngai & Doan, 2020
  3. Species Parasmittina aculeata Tilbrook, 2006
  4. Species Parasmittina acuta (Canu & Bassler, 1929)
  5. Species Parasmittina alanbanneri Soule & Soule, 1973
  6. Species Parasmittina alaskensis Osburn, 1952
  7. Species Parasmittina alba Ramalho, Muricy & Taylor, 2011
  8. Species Parasmittina aleutensis Soule & Soule, 2002
  9. Species Parasmittina alitis Winston & Jackson, 2021
  10. Species Parasmittina amazonensis Ramalho & Moraes, 2021
  11. Species Parasmittina anderseni Cheetham & Sandberg, 1964
  12. Species Parasmittina aotea (Brown, 1952)
  13. Species Parasmittina areolata (Canu & Bassler, 1927)
  14. Species Parasmittina atypica (Powell, 1967)
  15. Species Parasmittina avicularissima Gontar, 1982
  16. Species Parasmittina aviculifera Soule & Soule, 2002
  17. Species Parasmittina aviculifera (d'Hondt, 1986)
  18. Species Parasmittina baccula Hayward & Winston, 2011
  19. Species Parasmittina barbadensis Winston & Woollacott, 2009
  20. Species Parasmittina betamorphaea Winston, 2005
  21. Species Parasmittina bimucronata (Hincks, 1884)
  22. Species Parasmittina breli d'Hondt & Mascarell, 2010
  23. Species Parasmittina californica (Robertson, 1908)
  24. Species Parasmittina californiensis (Robertson, 1908)
  25. Species Parasmittina cheilodon (MacGillivray, 1869)
  26. Species Parasmittina circinanata Liu, 2001
  27. Species Parasmittina circularis Soule & Soule, 1973
  28. Species Parasmittina collifera (Robertson, 1908)
  29. Species Parasmittina contraria Seo, 1992
  30. Species Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings, 1930)
  31. Species Parasmittina cryptoavicularia Baradari, Nasrolahi & Taylor, 2019
  32. Species Parasmittina cyclops Winston & Jackson, 2021
  33. Species Parasmittina delicatula (Busk, 1884)
  34. Species Parasmittina dentigera (Harmer, 1957)
  35. Species Parasmittina dependeo Tilbrook, 2006
  36. Species Parasmittina distincta Ramalho, Taylor. & Moraes, 2018
  37. Species Parasmittina dolabrata Soule & Soule, 1973
  38. Species Parasmittina dubitata Hayward, 1980
  39. Species Parasmittina eccentrica Winston & Jackson, 2021
  40. Species Parasmittina echinata Canu & Bassler, 1928
  41. Species Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters, 1909)
  42. Species Parasmittina emersoni Soule & Soule, 1973
  43. Species Parasmittina erecta Gordon & d'Hondt, 1997
  44. Species Parasmittina exasperatrix d'Hondt, 1986
  45. Species Parasmittina exiguiuncinata Tilbrook, 2006
  46. Species Parasmittina falciformis Farias, Vieira & Almeida, 2024
  47. Species Parasmittina fistulata (Harmer, 1957)
  48. Species Parasmittina floridana Winston, 2005
  49. Species Parasmittina fraseri Osburn, 1952
  50. Species Parasmittina galerita Ryland & Hayward, 1992
  51. Species Parasmittina geometrica (Kirkpatrick, 1890)
  52. Species Parasmittina glabra Gordon & d'Hondt, 1997
  53. Species Parasmittina glomerata (Thornely, 1912)
  54. Species Parasmittina hanzawae Kataoka, 1960
  55. Species Parasmittina hastingsae Soule & Soule, 1973
  56. Species Parasmittina ilioensis Soule & Soule, 1973
  57. Species Parasmittina inalienata Tilbrook, 2006
  58. Species Parasmittina indigenella Winston & Jackson, 2021
  59. Species Parasmittina indiginella Winston, 2016
  60. Species Parasmittina japonica (Ortmann, 1890)
  61. Species Parasmittina jeffreysi (Norman, 1876)
  62. Species Parasmittina kauaiensis Soule & Soule, 1973
  63. Species Parasmittina labellum (Canu & Bassler, 1928)
  64. Species Parasmittina latiavicularia (Kirkpatrick, 1888)
  65. Species Parasmittina lavela Soule & Soule, 2002
  66. Species Parasmittina leviavicularia Soule & Soule, 1973
  67. Species Parasmittina ligulata (Ridley, 1881)
  68. Species Parasmittina ligulata Di Martino, Rosso & Taylor, 2025 (accepted > unreplaced junior homonym)
  69. Species Parasmittina livingstonei (Powell, 1967)
  70. Species Parasmittina longirostrata Liu, 2001
  71. Species Parasmittina loxa (Marcus, 1937)
  72. Species Parasmittina loxoides Winston, Vieira & Woollacott, 2014
  73. Species Parasmittina luteoserrula Winston & Jackson, 2021
  74. Species Parasmittina macginitiei Soule & Soule, 2002
  75. Species Parasmittina macphersonae Powell, 1967
  76. Species Parasmittina margaritata Hayward, 1988
  77. Species Parasmittina marsupialis (Busk, 1884)
  78. Species Parasmittina mauritiana Hayward, 1988
  79. Species Parasmittina mexicana Pouyet & Herrera-Anduaga, 1986
  80. Species Parasmittina multiaviculata Souto, Ramalhosa & Canning-Clode, 2016
  81. Species Parasmittina munita (Hincks, 1884)
  82. Species Parasmittina murarmata (Kirkpatrick, 1888)
  83. Species Parasmittina nasuta (Harmer, 1957)
  84. Species Parasmittina natalensis O'Donoghue, 1957
  85. Species Parasmittina nitida (Verrill, 1875)
  86. Species Parasmittina novella Hayward & Cook, 1983
  87. Species Parasmittina obstructa (Waters, 1889)
  88. Species Parasmittina oculinae Winston, 2016
  89. Species Parasmittina onychorrhyncha Ryland & Hayward, 1992
  90. Species Parasmittina ornata (Thornely, 1912)
  91. Species Parasmittina ovilirata Tilbrook, 2006
  92. Species Parasmittina papulata Harmer, 1957
  93. Species Parasmittina paradicei (Livingstone, 1926)
  94. Species Parasmittina parsevaliformis Soule & Soule, 1973
  95. Species Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin, 1826)
  96. Species Parasmittina parsevalioidea Liu, 2001
  97. Species Parasmittina parsloeparsloei Hayward & Parker, 1994
  98. Species Parasmittina parvitatis Tilbrook, 2006
  99. Species Parasmittina parviuncinata Soule & Soule, 1973
  100. Species Parasmittina pectinata Hayward & Parker, 1994
  101. Species Parasmittina pinctatae Liu, 2001
  102. Species Parasmittina projecta (Okada & Mawatari, 1937)
  103. Species Parasmittina protecta (Thornely, 1905)
  104. Species Parasmittina proximoproducta Moyano, 1983
  105. Species Parasmittina pugetensis Soule & Soule, 2002
  106. Species Parasmittina pyriformis Seo, 2002
  107. Species Parasmittina raigiformis Soule & Soule, 1973
  108. Species Parasmittina raigii (Audouin, 1826)
  109. Species Parasmittina raigioidea Liu, 2001
  110. Species Parasmittina recidiva Hayward, 1988
  111. Species Parasmittina regularis Soule & Soule, 2002
  112. Species Parasmittina rimula Tilbrook, 2006
  113. Species Parasmittina rostriformis (Kirkpatrick, 1888)
  114. Species Parasmittina rouvillei (Calvet, 1902)
  115. Species Parasmittina santacruzana Soule & Soule, 2002
  116. Species Parasmittina serrula Soule & Soule, 1973
  117. Species Parasmittina serruloides Harmelin, Bitar & Zibrowius, 2009
  118. Species Parasmittina simpulata Winston, Vieira & Woollacott, 2014
  119. Species Parasmittina solenosmilioides Hayward & Parker, 1994
  120. Species Parasmittina soulesi Scholz & Cusi, 1993
  121. Species Parasmittina spathulata (Smitt, 1873)
  122. Species Parasmittina spiculata Gluhak, Lewis & Popijak, 2007
  123. Species Parasmittina spondylicola Harmelin, Bitar & Zibrowius, 2009
  124. Species Parasmittina subtubulata (Harmer, 1957)
  125. Species Parasmittina talismani (Calvet, 1906)
  126. Species Parasmittina tatianae Denisenko, 2015
  127. Species Parasmittina triangularis (Mawatari, 1952)
  128. Species Parasmittina trianguliforma Soule & Soule, 2002
  129. Species Parasmittina trispinosa (Johnston, 1838)
  130. Species Parasmittina tropica (Waters, 1909)
  131. Species Parasmittina trunculata Tilbrook, 2006
  132. Species Parasmittina tubula (Kirkpatrick, 1888)
  133. Species Parasmittina tubulata Osburn, 1952
  134. Species Parasmittina turbula Ryland & Hayward, 1992
  135. Species Parasmittina uncinata Soule & Soule, 1973
  136. Species Parasmittina vacuramosa Lu, Nie & Zhong in Lu, 1991
  137. Species Parasmittina variabilis Liu, 2001
  138. Species Parasmittina veniliae Winston & Jackson, 2021
  139. Species Parasmittina winstonae Liu, 2001
  140. Species Parasmittina cautela Hayward, 1988 accepted as Smittoidea cautela (Hayward, 1988) (Basionym)
  141. Species Parasmittina crosslandii (Hastings, 1930) accepted as Parasmittina crosslandi (Hastings, 1930)
  142. Species Parasmittina egytiaca accepted as Parasmittina egyptiaca (Waters, 1909)
  143. Species Parasmittina hexaspinosa Uttley & Bullivant, 1972 accepted as Hemismittoidea hexaspinosa (Uttley & Bullivant, 1972) (Basionym)
  144. Species Parasmittina hymanae Rogick, 1956 accepted as Exochella hymanae (Rogick, 1956)
  145. Species Parasmittina kirkpatricki Hayward, 1988 accepted as Hemismittoidea kirkpatricki (Hayward, 1988) (Basionym)
  146. Species Parasmittina marginata (Canu & Bassler, 1929) accepted as Smittoidea marginata (Canu & Bassler, 1929) (Superseded combination)
  147. Species Parasmittina parasevalii accepted as Parasmittina parsevalii (Audouin, 1826)
  148. Species Parasmittina pluriavicularis Moyano, 1982 accepted as Smittoidea pluriavicularis (Moyano, 1982) (Basionym)
  149. Species Parasmittina signata accepted as Pleurocodonellina signata (Waters, 1889)
  150. Species Parasmittina ensifera (Maplestone, 1909) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
recent + fossil
Osburn, R. C. (1952). Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of America, Part 2, Cheilostomata-Ascophora. <em>Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions.</em> 14(2), 271-611., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11203793#page/285/mode/1up
page(s): 411 [details] 
Bock, P. (2025). World List of Bryozoa. Parasmittina Osburn, 1952. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=110978 on 2025-04-04
Date
action
by
2004-12-21 15:54:05Z
created
Hayward, Peter
2019-09-17 06:07:24Z
changed
Bock, Phil
2020-02-12 07:51:00Z
changed
Bock, Phil

Creative Commons License The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License


Nomenclature

original description Osburn, R. C. (1952). Bryozoa of the Pacific Coast of America, Part 2, Cheilostomata-Ascophora. <em>Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions.</em> 14(2), 271-611., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11203793#page/285/mode/1up
page(s): 411 [details] 

basis of record Hayward, P.J. (2001). Bryozoa, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 325-333 (look up in IMIS) [details] 

Other

additional source Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. <em>Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK.</em> 627 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details] Available for editors  PDF available [request]

additional source Gordon, D. P.; Taylor, P. D.; Bigey, F. P. (2009). Phylum Bryozoa: moss animals, sea mats, lace corals. <em>in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia.</em> pp. 271-297. [details] 

 
 Present  Inaccurate  Introduced: alien  Containing type locality 
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To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Parasmittina) 
To Genbank 
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 089608) 
To ITIS
Unreviewed
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 089608)
To Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM IZ 089608)
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