WoRMS taxon details
Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1760)
126375 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:126375)
accepted
Species
Belone acus Risso, 1827 · unaccepted (synonym)
Belone bellone (Linnaeus, 1760) · unaccepted (misspelling)
Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) · unaccepted
Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839 · unaccepted
Belone cornidii Günther, 1866 · unaccepted
Belone gracilis Lowe, 1839 · unaccepted
Belone linnei Malm, 1877 · unaccepted
Belone longirostris Schinz, 1822 · unaccepted
Belone rostrata Faber, 1829 · unaccepted
Belone undecimradiata Budge, 1848 · unaccepted
Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846 · unaccepted
Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828 · unaccepted
Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760 · unaccepted (synonym)
Esox vulgaris (Fleming, 1828) · unaccepted > junior subjective synonym (superseded combination)
Hemiramphus balticus Hohnbaum-Hornschuch, 1843 · unaccepted
Hemiramphus behnii van der Hoeven, 1843 · unaccepted
Hemiramphus europaeus Yarrell, 1837 · unaccepted
Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848 · unaccepted
Macrognathus scolopax Gronow, 1854 · unaccepted
- Subspecies Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761) accepted as Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1760)
- Subspecies Belone belone euxini Günther, 1866 accepted as Belone euxini Günther, 1866
- Subspecies Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839 accepted as Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1760)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
(of Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760) Linnaeus, C. (1761). Fauna Suecica sistens Animalia Sueciae Regni: Distributa per Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, [The Swedish Fauna containing the Animals of the Kingdom of Sweden: Distributed by Classes, Orders, Genera, Species, with Differences of Species, Synonyms of Authors, Names of Inhabitants, Places of Birth,]Descriptionibus insectorum. <em>Editio altera, auctior. Stockholmiae, Stockhom, Sweden.</em> 48:1-578. [Copepoda Monoculus, :497-499]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/100333 [details] 
Froese, R. and D. Pauly. Editors. (2025). FishBase. Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1760). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=126375 on 2025-04-01
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Nomenclature
original description
(of Belone acus Risso, 1827) Risso, A. (1826-1827). Histoire naturelle des principales productions de l'Europe Méridionale et particulièrement de celles des environs de Nice et des Alpes Maritimes. <em>[book series].</em> 400 pp., 13 pls. [volumes 1-5. Paris, F.G. Levrault. vol. 3. Mammifères. Oiseaux. Poissons / vol. 4. Mollusques. Annélides / vol. 5. Crustacés. Myriapodes, scorpionides, arachnides et acarides. Insectes. Vers intestinaux. Radiaires. Zoophytes]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/58984 [details]
original description (of Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760) Linnaeus, C. (1761). Fauna Suecica sistens Animalia Sueciae Regni: Distributa per Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, [The Swedish Fauna containing the Animals of the Kingdom of Sweden: Distributed by Classes, Orders, Genera, Species, with Differences of Species, Synonyms of Authors, Names of Inhabitants, Places of Birth,]Descriptionibus insectorum. <em>Editio altera, auctior. Stockholmiae, Stockhom, Sweden.</em> 48:1-578. [Copepoda Monoculus, :497-499]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/100333 [details]
original description (of Belone cornidii Günther, 1866) Günther, A. (1866). Catalogue of fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Physostomi, containing the families Salmonidae, Percopsidae, Galaxidae, Mormyridae, Gymnarchidae, Esocidae, Umbridae, Scombresocidae, Cyprinodontidae, in the collection of the British Museum. 6: i-xv + 1-368. [details]
original description (of Belone undecimradiata Budge, 1848) Budge, J. (1848). Ichthyologische Bemerkungen [with subtitles]. <em>Archiv für Anatomie, Physiologie, und wissenschaftliche Medicin (J. Müller).</em> v. 15 [1848]: 383-387, Pl. 12 (figs. 9-10).
page(s): 384, Pl. 12 [details]
original description (of Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846) Cuvier, G.; Valenciennes, A. (1846). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome dix-huitième. Suite du livre dix-huitième. Cyprinoïdes. Livre dix-neuvième. Des Ésoces ou Lucioïdes. v. 18: i-xix + 2 pp. + 1-505 + 2 pp., Pls. 520-553. [details]
original description (of Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828) Fleming, J. (1828). A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. <em>Edinburgh, Bell & Bradfute / London, James Duncan.</em> Pp. i-xxii, 1-565. corrigenda., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18569
page(s): 184 [details]
original description (of Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848) Couch, R. Q. (1848). Notes on the fishes in the district of the Land's End. <em>The Zoologist: a Popular Miscellany of Natural History.</em> v. 6: 1972-1980.
page(s): 1978, Fig. [details]
original description (of Belone rostrata Faber, 1829) Faber, F. (1829). Naturgeschichte der Fische Islands. Mit einem Anhange von den isländischen Medusen und Strahlthieren. [Natural history of the fishes of Iceland. With an appendix on the Icelandic jellyfish and radioducks.]. <em>Frankfurt.</em> 206pp. (Copepoda: 33, 109).
page(s): 152 [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
original description (of Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760) Linnaeus, C. (1761). Fauna Suecica sistens Animalia Sueciae Regni: Distributa per Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Differentiis Specierum, Synonymis Auctorum, Nominibus Incolarum, Locis Natalium, [The Swedish Fauna containing the Animals of the Kingdom of Sweden: Distributed by Classes, Orders, Genera, Species, with Differences of Species, Synonyms of Authors, Names of Inhabitants, Places of Birth,]Descriptionibus insectorum. <em>Editio altera, auctior. Stockholmiae, Stockhom, Sweden.</em> 48:1-578. [Copepoda Monoculus, :497-499]., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/100333 [details]
original description (of Belone cornidii Günther, 1866) Günther, A. (1866). Catalogue of fishes in the British Museum. Catalogue of the Physostomi, containing the families Salmonidae, Percopsidae, Galaxidae, Mormyridae, Gymnarchidae, Esocidae, Umbridae, Scombresocidae, Cyprinodontidae, in the collection of the British Museum. 6: i-xv + 1-368. [details]
original description (of Belone undecimradiata Budge, 1848) Budge, J. (1848). Ichthyologische Bemerkungen [with subtitles]. <em>Archiv für Anatomie, Physiologie, und wissenschaftliche Medicin (J. Müller).</em> v. 15 [1848]: 383-387, Pl. 12 (figs. 9-10).
page(s): 384, Pl. 12 [details]
original description (of Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846) Cuvier, G.; Valenciennes, A. (1846). Histoire naturelle des poissons. Tome dix-huitième. Suite du livre dix-huitième. Cyprinoïdes. Livre dix-neuvième. Des Ésoces ou Lucioïdes. v. 18: i-xix + 2 pp. + 1-505 + 2 pp., Pls. 520-553. [details]
original description (of Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828) Fleming, J. (1828). A history of British animals, exhibiting the descriptive characters and systematical arrangement of the genera and species of quadrupeds, birds, reptiles, fishes, Mollusca, and Radiata of the United Kingdom; including the indigenous, extirpated, and extinct kinds, together with periodical and occasional visitants. <em>Edinburgh, Bell & Bradfute / London, James Duncan.</em> Pp. i-xxii, 1-565. corrigenda., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/18569
page(s): 184 [details]
original description (of Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848) Couch, R. Q. (1848). Notes on the fishes in the district of the Land's End. <em>The Zoologist: a Popular Miscellany of Natural History.</em> v. 6: 1972-1980.
page(s): 1978, Fig. [details]
original description (of Belone rostrata Faber, 1829) Faber, F. (1829). Naturgeschichte der Fische Islands. Mit einem Anhange von den isländischen Medusen und Strahlthieren. [Natural history of the fishes of Iceland. With an appendix on the Icelandic jellyfish and radioducks.]. <em>Frankfurt.</em> 206pp. (Copepoda: 33, 109).
page(s): 152 [details]
basis of record van der Land, J.; Costello, M.J.; Zavodnik, D.; Santos, R.S.; Porteiro, F.M.; Bailly, N.; Eschmeyer, W.N.; Froese, R. (2001). Pisces, <B><I>in</I></B>: Costello, M.J. <i>et al.</i> (Ed.) (2001). <i>European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,</i> 50: pp. 357-374 (look up in IMIS) [details]
Ecology
ecology source
Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. <em>Scientific Data.</em> 10(1). (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4 [details]
Other
context source (WoRCS)
Kovačić, M.; Gerovasileiou, V.; Patzner, R. A. (2024). Fishes in Marine Caves. <em>Fishes.</em> 9(6): 243., available online at https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/6/243 [details] Available for editors 
[request]
context source (Schelde) Maris, T., O. Beauchard, S. Van Damme, E. Van den Bergh, S. Wijnhoven & P. Meire. (2013). Referentiematrices en Ecotoopoppervlaktes Annex bij de Evaluatiemethodiek Schelde-estuarium Studie naar “Ecotoopoppervlaktes en intactness index”. [Reference matrices and Ecotope areas Annex to the Evaluation methodology Scheldt estuary Study on “Ecotope areas and intactness index”. <em>Monitor Taskforce Publication Series, 2013-01. NIOZ: Yerseke.</em> 35 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
context source (BeRMS 2020) Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ); (2013). Data collected during the expeditions of the e-learning projects Expedition Zeeleeuw and Planet Ocean. [details]
additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. <em>Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France.</em> 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details]
additional source Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 11 [details] Available for editors [request]
additional source Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2025). ECoF. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. <em>California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco.</em> Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2025., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details]
additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2025). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (06/2024)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
[request]context source (Schelde) Maris, T., O. Beauchard, S. Van Damme, E. Van den Bergh, S. Wijnhoven & P. Meire. (2013). Referentiematrices en Ecotoopoppervlaktes Annex bij de Evaluatiemethodiek Schelde-estuarium Studie naar “Ecotoopoppervlaktes en intactness index”. [Reference matrices and Ecotope areas Annex to the Evaluation methodology Scheldt estuary Study on “Ecotope areas and intactness index”. <em>Monitor Taskforce Publication Series, 2013-01. NIOZ: Yerseke.</em> 35 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]
context source (BeRMS 2020) Flanders Marine Institute (VLIZ); (2013). Data collected during the expeditions of the e-learning projects Expedition Zeeleeuw and Planet Ocean. [details]
additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. <em>Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France.</em> 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details]
additional source Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. [The system of nature through the three kingdoms of nature, according to classes, orders, genera, species, with characters, differences, synonyms, places.]. <em>Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii. Holmiae [Stockholm].</em> 1(10) [iii], 824 p., available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 11 [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W. N. & Van der Laan, R. (eds). (2025). ECoF. Eschmeyer's Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References. <em>California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco.</em> Electronic version accessed dd mmm 2025., available online at http://researcharchive.calacademy.org/research/Ichthyology/catalog/fishcatmain.asp [details]
additional source Froese, R. & D. Pauly (Editors). (2025). FishBase. World Wide Web electronic publication. version (06/2024)., available online at https://www.fishbase.org [details]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Unreviewed
Authority Belone belone (Linnaeus, 1758) [details]
| Language | Name | |
|---|---|---|
| Albanian | peshku lejlek | [details] |
| Basque | orratza | [details] |
| Breton | olfijvinek | [details] |
| Catalan | agulla | [details] |
| Croatian | iglica | [details] |
| Danish | hornfisk | [details] |
| Dutch | geep | [details] |
| English | sea needlegarfish | [details] |
| Finnish | nokkakalanokkahauki | [details] |
| French | orphieaiquilleaiguillette | [details] |
| German | HornhechtGrünknochengewöhnlicher Hornhecht | [details] |
| Hebrew | שיפודן מובהק | [details] |
| Icelandic | hornfiskur | [details] |
| Italian | aguglia | [details] |
| Modern Greek (1453-) | Ζαργάνα | [details] |
| Norwegian | nebbesildhorngjel | [details] |
| Norwegian Bokmål | horngjel | [details] |
| Norwegian Nynorsk | horngjel | [details] |
| Polish | belona | [details] |
| Portuguese | agulha | [details] |
| Russian | sargan | [details] |
| Slovenian | íglica | [details] |
| Spanish | aguja | [details] |
| Swedish | näbbgäddahorngäddahornfisk | [details] |
| Turkish | zargana | [details] |
| Welsh | môr nodwyddcornbig | [details] |
Marine Life Information Network - UK
To Barcode of Life (45 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Macrognathus scolopax Gronow, 1854)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (142 publications) (from synonym Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (211 publications) (from synonym Belone acus Risso, 1827)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (35 publications) (from synonym Belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (355 publications) (from synonym Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (355 publications) (from synonym Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Belone cornidii Günther, 1866)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Hemiramphus europaeus Yarrell, 1837)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Belone bellone (Linnaeus, 1760))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (51 publications) (from synonym Belone rostrata Faber, 1829)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (59 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (6 publications) (from synonym Hemiramphus balticus Hohnbaum-Hornschuch, 1843)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (68 publications) (from synonym Belone longirostris Schinz, 1822)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Belone belone)
To FishBase (from synonym Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Belone rostrata Faber, 1829)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone linnei Malm, 1877)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone longirostris Schinz, 1822)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone acus Risso, 1827)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone cornidii Günther, 1866)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus behnii van der Hoeven, 1843)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus europaeus Yarrell, 1837)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus balticus Hohnbaum-Hornschuch, 1843)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone undecimradiata Budge, 1848)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828)
To FishBase (from synonym Macrognathus scolopax Gronow, 1854)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761))
To FishBase (from synonym Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone bellone (Linnaeus, 1760))
To FishBase images (Belone belone, Denmark, by Østergaard, T.)
To Fishipedia
To GenBank (112 nucleotides; 79 proteins)
To GenBank (112 nucleotides; 79 proteins) (from synonym Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761))
To ITIS
To Barcode of Life (45 barcodes)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (1 publication) (from synonym Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (10 publications) (from synonym Macrognathus scolopax Gronow, 1854)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (142 publications) (from synonym Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (211 publications) (from synonym Belone acus Risso, 1827)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (35 publications) (from synonym Belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (355 publications) (from synonym Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (355 publications) (from synonym Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Belone cornidii Günther, 1866)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Hemiramphus europaeus Yarrell, 1837)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (4 publications) (from synonym Belone bellone (Linnaeus, 1760))
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (51 publications) (from synonym Belone rostrata Faber, 1829)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (59 publications)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (6 publications) (from synonym Hemiramphus balticus Hohnbaum-Hornschuch, 1843)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (68 publications) (from synonym Belone longirostris Schinz, 1822)
To Biodiversity Heritage Library (7 publications) (from synonym Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848)
To Dyntaxa
To European Nucleotide Archive, ENA (Belone belone)
To FishBase (from synonym Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760)
To FishBase
To FishBase (from synonym Belone rostrata Faber, 1829)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone linnei Malm, 1877)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone longirostris Schinz, 1822)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone acus Risso, 1827)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone cornidii Günther, 1866)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus behnii van der Hoeven, 1843)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus europaeus Yarrell, 1837)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus balticus Hohnbaum-Hornschuch, 1843)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone undecimradiata Budge, 1848)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone vulgaris Valenciennes, 1846)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone vulgaris Fleming, 1828)
To FishBase (from synonym Macrognathus scolopax Gronow, 1854)
To FishBase (from synonym Hemiramphus obtusus Couch, 1848)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761))
To FishBase (from synonym Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839)
To FishBase (from synonym Belone bellone (Linnaeus, 1760))
To FishBase images (Belone belone, Denmark, by Østergaard, T.)
To Fishipedia
To GenBank (112 nucleotides; 79 proteins)
To GenBank (112 nucleotides; 79 proteins) (from synonym Esox belone Linnaeus, 1760)
To Global Biotic Interactions (GloBI)
To IUCN Red List (Least Concern)
To PESI
To PESI (from synonym Belone belone belone (Linnaeus, 1761))
To ITIS
