WoRMS

(of Delphinus phocoena Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 77 [details] Available for editors

[request]

Type data

Note "Ocean Europaeo Balthico"

From editor or global species database

Type locality "Ocean Europaeo Balthico" [details]

Descriptive notes

Distribution East Pacific; Eastern Atlantic Ocean; Indo-West Pacific; Western Atlantic Ocean

Distribution East Pacific; Eastern Atlantic Ocean; Indo-West Pacific; Western Atlantic Ocean [details]

Taxonomic citation

Fordyce, E.; Perrin, W.F. (2024). World Cetacea Database. Phocoena phocoena (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137117 on 2024-11-21

Taxonomic edit history

Date

action

2004-12-21 15:54:05Z

created

van der Land, Jacob

2008-08-20 11:25:36Z

checked

Perrin, William

Licensing

The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License

[taxonomic tree]

original description (of Delphinus phocoena Linnaeus, 1758) Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae. , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886
page(s): 77 [details] Available for editors

[request]

context source (BeRMS 2020) Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO). European Seabirds at Sea - data collected by the Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO). INBO Seabird distribution data (all trips). [details]

basis of record van der Land, J. (2001). Tetrapoda, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 375-376 (look up in IMIS) [details]

additional source Carwardine, M., E. Hoyt, R. E. Fordyce and P. Gill. 1998. Whales, dolphins and porpoises. Time-Life Books. Nature Company Guides, USA. 288 p. [details]

additional source Muller, Y. (2004). Faune et flore du littoral du Nord, du Pas-de-Calais et de la Belgique: inventaire. [Coastal fauna and flora of the Nord, Pas-de-Calais and Belgium: inventory]. Commission Régionale de Biologie Région Nord Pas-de-Calais: France. 307 pp., available online at http://www.vliz.be/imisdocs/publications/145561.pdf [details]

additional source Mead, J. G.; Brownell, R. L. Jr. (2005). Cetacea. In Wilson, D.E. & D.M. Reeder (eds). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed), Johns Hopkins University Press, 2,142 pp. 723--743., available online at http://www.bucknell.edu/msw3/ [details]

additional source Rice, D. W. (1998). Marine mammals of the world. Systematics and distribution. Society for Marine Mammalogy Special Publication. 4., available online at http://www.marinemammalscience.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/MarineMammalsOfTheWorld.pdf [details]

additional source Hershkovitz, P. (1966). Catalog of Living Whales. Bulletin of the United States National Museum. (246): 1-259., available online at https://doi.org/10.5479/si.03629236.246 [details]

additional source Jefferson, T. A., M. A. Webber and R. L. Pitman. (2008). Marine mammals of the world. Academic Press, Amsterdam. [details]

additional source IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, available online at http://www.iucnredlist.org [details]

additional source Perrin, W.F.; Würsig, B.; Thewissen, J.G.M. (2009). Encyclopedia of marine mammals. Second edition. Academic Press: London. ISBN 978-0-12-373553-9. xxix, 1316 pp. (look up in IMIS) [details]

additional source Gaskin, D. E., P. E. Arnold and B. A. Blair. (1974). Phocoena phocoena. Mammalian Species 42:1--8. [details]

additional source Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). , available online at http://www.itis.gov [details]

ecology source Looby, A.; Erbe, C.; Bravo, S.; Cox, K.; Davies, H. L.; Di Iorio, L.; Jézéquel, Y.; Juanes, F.; Martin, C. W.; Mooney, T. A.; Radford, C.; Reynolds, L. K.; Rice, A. N.; Riera, A.; Rountree, R.; Spriel, B.; Stanley, J.; Vela, S.; Parsons, M. J. G. (2023). Global inventory of species categorized by known underwater sonifery. Scientific Data. 10(1). (look up in IMIS), available online at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-023-02745-4 [details]

Present

Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio

Inaccurate

Introduced: alien

Containing type locality

From editor or global species database

Biology Harbour porpoises live either solitarily or in groups, normally of three to five individuals, although sometimes more. Normally individual porpoises or couples (mother and calf) are observed and high numbers can be seen during migrations.
Like dolphins, the harbour porpoise orientates itself by means of echo-sounding or ‘sonar’. It has a particular way of swimming with a ‘rolling’ movement (imagine a turning wheel); part of the back, including the dorsal fin surfaces briefly before re-entering the water giving the appearance of a rotating motion. This movement will normally be repeated three to four times, prior to a long dive.

The diet of an adult harbour porpoise is made up of various pelagic and demersal fish, as well as invertebrates. In the Southern North Sea, it consists mainly of small benthic fish, herring, cephalopod, whiting and cod. A daily meal would normally consist of about 5 kilos fish (around 10% of the body [details]

Diet Variety of inshore and offshore fish, herring, mackerel, and anchovy. Krill when young. [details]

Holotype None in existence; name based on common porpoise of authors. [details]

IUCN Red List Category Least Concern (LC) [details]

IUCN Red List Category Subpopulation Baltic Sea harbour porpoise : Critically Endangered (CR) [details]

Morphology Distinguishing characteristics: Dives without lifting tail. Blow not readily visible. Triangular dorsal fin. Spoon-shaped teeth. Blunt snout. Colour is grey above with white belly. [details]

Morphology The head is blunt. Depending on the light, the back may appear black, grey or brown). The flanks are grey and the underside is white. The pectoral fins are black. A dark line runs from the corner of the mouth to the flipper. The more or less triangular small dorsal fin is positioned in the centre of the back. The upper back and dorsal fin are the only features one normally gets to see of a swimming harbour porpoise. The chief characteristics are its small size, the blunt head and the small triangular dorsal fin. [details]

Reproduction Calving: May to June in the North Atlantic. Weaning at six months. [details]

Type locality "Ocean Europaeo Balthico" [details]

Unreviewed

Dimensions Length: male 6' (1.9 m), female 6' (1.9 m), at birth 2 1/2' (0.7 m) [details]

Distribution East Pacific; Eastern Atlantic Ocean; Indo-West Pacific; Western Atlantic Ocean [details]

Habitat inshore and offshore [details]

Habitat cool temperate and subpolar, mostly in shallow water [details]

Predators None [details]

Definitions

Language	Name
Aleut	alagikkhaladak	[details]
Basque	izurdia	[details]
Bulgarian	Муткурmutkur	[details]
Catalan	marsopa comuna	[details]
Czech	svinucha pobrezní	[details]
Danish	tumlermarsvin	[details]
Dutch	zee-varktonynbruinvischbruinvis	[details]
English	sea-pigsea-hogpuffy-dunterpuffing pigporpesspellocknisack (Shetlands)neesockhogfishherring hogharbour porpoiseharbor porpoisecommon porpoisebuckerbay porpoise	[details]
Faroese	nise	[details]
French	poursillephocene marsouinmarsouin communmarsouin	[details]
German	SchweinswalMeerschweinkleiner TummlerBraunfisch	[details]
Icelandic	hnisahandfiskarbruinskop	[details]
Irish	muc mhara	[details]
Italian	marsuinofocena	[details]
Japanese	ネズミイルカnezumi iruka	[details]
Kalaallisut	piglertok	[details]
Korean	soe-dolgorae	[details]
Latin	maris sus	[details]
Latvian	jurascuka	[details]
Lithuanian	paprastoji jūrų kiaulė	[details]
Modern Greek (1453-)	Φώκαινα	[details]
Norwegian	tumlernisenesa, nise or nisamarsvün	[details]
Norwegian Bokmål	nise	[details]
Norwegian Nynorsk	nise	[details]
Polish	swinia morskamorświn zwyczajnymorświn (zwyczajny)morświn	[details]
Portuguese	toninhaboto	[details]
Romanian	focena	[details]
Russian	svinkashutniksapunpyktunmorskaya svinyachuskaburtukazovskii delfin (Azov Sea)azovskii delfinazovka (Black and Azov Seas)azovka	[details]
Scottish Gaelic	pellock	[details]
Slovenian	pristaniška rjava pliskavka	[details]
Spanish	puerco de marmarsopa de portenamarsopa de bahiamarsopa comúnmarsopa	[details]
Swedish	tumlaretrumblarenisemarsvin	[details]
Turkish	yunusmuturbayağı musur (balina)bayağı musur	[details]
Ukrainian	Фоцена звичайнаМорська свиня	[details]
Welsh	llamhidydd	[details]