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Name

Compagno, L.J.V. (2001). Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Volume 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes). FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes. No. 1, Vol. 2. Rome, FAO. 269p.

SourceID

138597

Authors

Compagno, L.J.V.

Year

2001

Title

Sharks of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of shark species known to date. Volume 2. Bullhead, mackerel and carpet sharks (Heterodontiformes, Lamniformes and Orectolobiformes)

Journal

FAO Species Catalogue for Fishery Purposes

Suffix

No. 1, Vol. 2. Rome, FAO. 269p

Type

Publication

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2013-01-12 18:30:12Z

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Syntype MACN, identified as Cetorhinus maximus normani (Siccardi, 1961)
Holotype BSKU, identified as Cirrhoscyllium japonicum Kamohara, 1943
Holotype DBCUCH, geounit Chile, identified as Lamna huidobrii Philippi, 1887
Holotype MHN, geounit Inhambane, identified as Gyropleurodus ramalheira Smith, 1949
Holotype RMNH, geounit Jakarta, identified as Chiloscyllium punctatum Müller & Henle, 1838
Holotype ZITIU, geounit Japan, identified as Mitsukurina owstoni Jordan, 1898
Holotype AMNH, geounit Monterey, identified as Cestracion francisci Girard, 1855
Holotype ZSM, geounit Sagami Bay, identified as Scapanorhynchus dofleini Engelhardt, 1912
Holotype BM, geounit Sumatra, identified as Scyllium plagiosum Anonymous [Bennett], 1830
Holotype NMV (unknown), geounit Victoria (Australian state), identified as Parascyllium nuchalis McCoy, 1874
Syntype USNM 00004SW, geounit Japan, identified as Scapanorhynchus jordani Hussakof, 1909
Holotype MNHN 1003, geounit Queensland, identified as Squalus ocellatus Bonnaterre, 1788
Holotype MNHN 1003, geounit Queensland, identified as Squalus oculatus Banks & Solander, 1827
Holotype MNHN 1004, geounit Tasmania, identified as Hemiscyllium variolatum Duméril, 1853
Lectotype MNHN 1010, geounit Malabar Coast, identified as Chiloscyllium griseum Müller & Henle, 1838
Holotype MCZ 1166-S, geounit Massachusetts, identified as Vulpecula marina Garman, 1913
Holotype MNHN 14-9, geounit Fort Dauphin, identified as Chiloscyllium caeruleopunctatum Pellegrin, 1914
Syntype BMNH 1845.7.3.143, geounit South Africa, identified as Squalus tuberculatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Holotype BMNH 1850.9.5:3, geounit South Africa, identified as Carcharodon capensis Smith, 1839
Holotype BMNH 1853.11.12.205, geounit East Indian Ocean, identified as Chiloscyllium indicum (Gmelin, 1789)
Holotype BMNH 1853.11.12.205, geounit Indian Ocean, identified as Squalus colax Meuschen, 1781
Syntype BMNH 1853.11.12.205, geounit Indian Ocean, identified as Squalus tuberculatus Bloch & Schneider, 1801
Holotype BMNH 1853.11.12.205, geounit Indian Ocean, identified as Squalus caudatus Gronow, 1854
Syntype BMNH 1862.11.1.18, geounit Japan, identified as Orectolobus japonicus Regan, 1906
Syntype BMNH 1862.11.1.90, geounit Japan, identified as Orectolobus japonicus Regan, 1906
Holotype BM 1862.7.2.2, geounit Australia, identified as Cestracion galeatus Günther, 1870
Holotype BMNH 1867.11.28.100 or 183, geounit Amboina, identified as Cestracion amboinensis Regan, 1906
Lectotype BMNH 1867.11.28.196, geounit Mollucas, identified as Chiloscyllium hasselti Bleeker, 1852
Syntype BMNH 1867.11.28.209, identified as Crossorhrinus dasypogon Bleeker, 1867
Holotype BMNH 1867.3.9.423, geounit Zanzibar, identified as Ginglymostoma brevicaudatum Günther, 1867
Neotype BMNH 1953.5.10.1, geounit North West Australia, identified as Hemiscyllium trispeculare Richardson, 1843
Holotype BMNH 1953.5.10.4, geounit China, identified as Centracion zebra Gray, 1831
Holotype MNHN 1963-1, geounit Guinea, identified as Pseudocarcharias pelagicus (Cadenat, 1963)
Holotype USNM 197427, geounit Indo-Pacific, identified as Isurus alatus Garrick, 1967
Holotype NMSZ 1979.012, geounit Orkney Islands, identified as Halsydrus pontoppidiani Neill, 1809
Holotype BMNH 1982.2.26.1, geounit China Sea, identified as Scyllium ornatum Gray, 1830
Holotype SAMA 2, geounit Gulf of St. Vincent, identified as Orectolobus ornatus (De Vis, 1883)
Holotype USNM 202672, geounit Burma, identified as Chiloscyllium burmense Dingerkus & DeFino, 1983
Holotype BPBM 22730, geounit Oahu Island, identified as Megachasma pelagios Taylor, Compagno & Struhsaker, 1983
Syntype RMNH 2529, identified as Oxyrhina glauca Müller & Henle, 1839
Lectotype RMNH 2533, identified as Oxyrhina glauca Müller & Henle, 1839
Lectotype SMF 2538, geounit Massawa, identified as Nebrius concolor Rüppell, 1837
Lectotype RMNH 2587, identified as Oxyrhina glauca Müller & Henle, 1839
Holotype MMF 2691, geounit Madeira, identified as Carcharias noronhai Maul, 1955
Holotype TFRI 2895, geounit Taiwan, identified as Carcharias yangi Teng, 1959
Holotype MNHN 3445, geounit Galapagos, identified as Cestracion quoyi Fréminville, 1840
Holotype MNHN 3445, geounit Galapagos, identified as Cestracion pantherinus Valenciennes, 1846
Holotype TFRI 3574, geounit Taiwan, identified as Cirrhoscyllium formosanum Teng, 1959
Neotype CAS 36046, geounit Java Sea, identified as Scyllium plagiosum Anonymous [Bennett], 1830
Holotype MCZ 36471, geounit California, identified as Lamna ditropis Hubbs & Follett, 1947
Neotype BSKU 3656, geounit Japan, identified as Cirrhoscyllium japonicum Kamohara, 1943
Holotype RUSI 426, geounit Algoa Bay, identified as Isurus tigris africanus Smith, 1957
Holotype AMNH 44126, geounit Kerala, identified as Chiloscyllium confusum Dingerkus & DeFino, 1983
Holotype ZMB 4449, geounit Indian Ocean, identified as Squalus fasciatus Hermann, 1783
Holotype ZMB 4528, identified as Oxyrhina gomphodon Müller & Henle, 1839
Holotype ZISP 46984, geounit Vietnam, identified as Chiloscyllium dolganovi Kharin, 1987
Syntype ZMB 5073, geounit Adelaide, identified as Crossorhinus tentaculatus Peters, 1864
Syntype NNM 5118, geounit Indonesia, identified as Crossorhrinus dasypogon Bleeker, 1867
Syntype ZMB 5264, geounit Adelaide, identified as Crossorhinus tentaculatus Peters, 1864
Holotype ZMB 5508, geounit Cuba, identified as Ginglymostoma fulvum Poey, 1861
Holotype NMV 58434 or 58437, identified as Alopias caudatus Phillipps, 1932
Holotype RMNH 7400, geounit Singapore, identified as Nebrius concolor Rüppell, 1837
Holotype RMNH 7404, geounit Mollucas, identified as Chiloscyllium margaritiferum Bleeker, 1863
Holotype RMNH 7406, geounit Java, identified as Chiloscyllium phymatodes Bleeker, 1852
Syntype NNM 7411, identified as Crossorhrinus dasypogon Bleeker, 1867
Holotype USNM 74603, geounit South China Sea, identified as Cirrhoscyllium expolitum Smith & Radcliffe, 1913
Lectotype MNHN 7767, geounit Indonesia, identified as Scyllium malaisianum Lesson, 1831
Holotype MNHN 7767 (not certain), identified as Chiloscyllium malaianum (Lesson, 1831)
Holotype MCZ 820-S, geounit Mauritius, identified as Nebrodes macrurus Garman, 1913
Holotype MCZ 89505, geounit Massachusetts, identified as Carcharias atwoodi Storer, 1848
Lectotype QM 965, geounit Moreton Bay, identified as Brachaelurus colcloughi Ogilby, 1908
Holotype MNHN 9853, identified as Squalus pelegrinus Blainville, 1810
Holotype MNHN 9855, geounit Table Bay, identified as Rhincodon typus Smith, 1828
Lectotype MNHN A.7654, identified as Squalus cirratus Bonnaterre, 1788
Lectotype MNHN A.7792, geounit Indonesia, identified as Hemiscyllium freycineti (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
Syntype MNHN A.7792, geounit Indonesia, identified as Hemiscyllium freycineti (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
Holotype QM AFAQ 410, geounit Moreton Bay, identified as Brachaelurus colcloughi Ogilby, 1908
Syntype MNHN B.2962, geounit Indonesia, identified as Hemiscyllium freycineti (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
Holotype AM B.68, geounit Tokyo Bay, identified as Cestracion japonicus (Miklouho-Maclay & MacLeay, 1884)
Holotype AM E.4604, geounit Port Phillip Bay, identified as Parascyllium ferrugineum McCulloch, 1911
Holotype FAKU Fish spec 1923, geounit Japan, identified as Carcharias kamoharai Matsubara, 1936
Holotype QM I.1216, geounit Queensland, identified as Nebrodes concolor ogilbyi Whitley, 1934
Syntype AM I.15584-001, geounit Papua New Guinea, identified as Hemiscyllium hallstromi Whitley, 1967
Syntype AM I.15717-001, geounit Papua New Guinea, identified as Hemiscyllium hallstromi Whitley, 1967
Holotype QM I.1587, geounit Table Bay, identified as Heterodontus bonaespei Ogilby, 1908
Holotype QM I.164, geounit Moreton Bay, identified as Crossorhinus ornatus De Vis, 1883
Holotype AM I.1723, geounit New South Wales, identified as Carcharodon albimors Whitley, 1939
Holotype AM I.1874, geounit Port Jackson, identified as Parascyllium collare Ramsay & Ogilby, 1888
Holotype AM I.4174, geounit New South Wales, identified as Stegostoma tigrinum naucum Whitley, 1939
Syntype AM I.5405, geounit Torres Strait, identified as Orectolobus ogilbyi Regan, 1909
Holotype AM IA.4311, geounit South Africa, identified as Isurus bideni Phillipps, 1932
Holotype AM IA-7784, geounit North Australia, identified as Orectolobus wardi Whitley, 1939
Holotype AM IB.2136, geounit New South Wales, identified as Odontaspis herbsti Whitley, 1950
Holotype AM IB.7938, geounit New Guinea, identified as Hemiscyllium strahani Whitley, 1967
Holotype QVM old no. H.T.983, geounit Tasmania, identified as Parascyllium multimaculatum Scott, 1935
Holotype SIO SIO-70-90, geounit Sonora, identified as Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855)

Heterodontus galeatus (Günther, 1870)

Biology

for Heterodontus zebra (Gray, 1831)

Oviparous, details of spawning not recorded. Biology poorly known. Probably eats bottom invertebrates as with other ... [details]

Depth range

for Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949)

deepish water species found at 40 to 275 m, with most records below 100m and from trawler hauls [details]

Diet

for Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

feeds on a wide variety of bony fishes (teleosts), with elasmobranchs an important secondary prey; crustaceans, ... [details]

Diet

for Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & MacLeay, 1884

feeds on crustaceans, molluscs (including top shells [Trochidae; Gastropoda]), small fishes and sea urchins. [details]

Diet

for Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

Feeds on crabs and demersal fishes including midshipman (Porichthys, Batrachoididae). [details]

Diet

for Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer, 1793)

feeds primarily on benthic invertebrates, mainly echinoderms. Prey items include sea urchins, starfish, ... [details]

Habitat

for Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

An inshore and offshore, littoral shark. This shark occurs in the surf zone off sandy and rocky beaches, in shallow ... [details]

Habitat

for Chiloscyllium arabicum Gubanov, 1980

Found on coral reefs, lagoons, rocky shores, and mangrove estuaries, depths from 3 to 100 m. [details]

Habitat

for Gyropleurodus ramalheira Smith, 1949

moderately deep water [details]

Habitat

for Hemiscyllium hallstromi Whitley, 1967

A little-known inshore bottom shark, possibly on coral reefs. [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontidae Gray, 1851

These are warm-temperate and tropical bottom sharks of water above 21°C, mostly confined to the continental and ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855)

A common benthic and epibenthic shark, found on the eastern Pacific continental shelf most abundantly at depths ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus galeatus (Günther, 1870)

A moderately common benthic and epibenthic shark of the southern Australian continental shelf at moderate depths, ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & MacLeay, 1884

A common, temperate-water bullhead shark of the western North Pacific continental shelf, occurring at moderate ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

A warm-temperate and tropical bullhead shark of littoral continental waters, found on rocky bottom including reefs ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer, 1793)

Acommon littoral, nocturnal bottom shark of the temperate Australian continental shelves and uppermost slopes, ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus quoyi (Fréminville, 1840)

A little-known but apparently common tropical and warm-temperate bullhead shark of inshore continental and insular ... [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949)

outer continental shelf and uppermost slope [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus sp.A J. Mee

Caught off southern Oman, depth 80 m, presumably on soft bottom as specimens came from commercial trawlers. [details]

Habitat

for Heterodontus zebra (Gray, 1831)

on the continental and insular shelves of the western Pacific from inshore down to at least 50 m in the South China ... [details]

Habitat

for Mitsukurina owstoni Jordan, 1898

Apoorly known, bottom-dwelling shark that inhabits the outer continental shelves and upper slopes and is found ... [details]

Habitat

for Odontaspididae Müller & Henle, 1839

Sand tiger sharks are tropical to warm-temperate, inshore to offshore, littoral and deepwater sharks. They occur in ... [details]

Habitat

for Odontaspis ferox (Risso, 1810)

This shark is a little-known inhabitant of deepish water in warm-temperate and tropical seas, on or near the bottom ... [details]

Habitat

for Odontaspis noronhai (Maul, 1955)

Apparently an inhabitant of the continental and insular slopes near the bottom at 600 to 1 000 or more metres ... [details]

Habitat

for Orectolobus japonicus Regan, 1906

A little-known temperate to tropical inshore bottom shark, found on rocky and coral reefs. [details]

Habitat

for Orectolobus wardi Whitley, 1939

A little-known but possibly common tropical inshore bottom shark of the Australian northern continental shelf. ... [details]

Length

for Carcharias taurus Rafinesque, 1810

Maximum total length at least 318 cm, with recent records from shark meshing operations in Australia suggesting a ... [details]

Length

for Heterodontus francisci (Girard, 1855)

Maximum 122 cm but most adults are below 97 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus galeatus (Günther, 1870)

Maximum said to be 152 cm long and attaining at least 130 cm, but most individuals are below 122 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus japonicus Miklouho-Maclay & MacLeay, 1884

Maximum total length about 120 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus mexicanus Taylor & Castro-Aguirre, 1972

Maximum size about 70 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus portusjacksoni (Meyer, 1793)

Maximum total length reported as 165 cm, but apparently rare above 137 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus quoyi (Fréminville, 1840)

Maximum total length 61 cm [details]

Length

for Heterodontus ramalheira (Smith, 1949)

Maximum about 83 cm; hatchling 18 cm; males immature at 39 cm, adolescent at 56 cm, adults to at least 69 cm; ... [details]

Length

for Heterodontus sp.A J. Mee

Maximum size 61 cm. An adult male is 52 cm and an adult female 61.2 cm. [details]

Length

for Heterodontus zebra (Gray, 1831)

Maximum total length about 122 cm, hatchlings at least 15 cm, males immature at 44 cm and mature at 64 to 84 cm, ... [details]

Remark

for Heterodontus sp.A J. Mee

pers. comm. for a bullhead shark collected off Oman, apparently representing an undescribed species. This is ... [details]

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