WoRMS taxon details
Lumbricus Linnaeus, 1758
154885 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:154885)
accepted
Genus
Enterion Savigny, 1822 · unaccepted (superfluous replacement name for...)
superfluous replacement name for Lumbricus
- Species Lumbricus americanus Perrier, 1872
- Species Lumbricus badensis Michaelsen, 1907
- Species Lumbricus baicalensis Michaelsen, 1900
- Species Lumbricus bouchei Zicsi & Csuzdi, 1999
- Species Lumbricus castaneus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus festivus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus friendi Cognetti de Martiis, 1904
- Species Lumbricus guildingi Baird, 1871
- Species Lumbricus heracleus Briones, Garcia-Souto, Galindo, Morán, Keith & Schmidt, 2022
- Species Lumbricus herculeus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus meliboeus Rosa, 1884
- Species Lumbricus polyphemus (Fitzinger, 1833)
- Species Lumbricus pygmaeus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus rubellus Hoffmeister, 1843
- Species Lumbricus teres Dugès, 1828
- Species Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758
- Species Lumbricus agilis Hoffmeister, 1843 accepted as Eiseniella tetraedra (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus agricola Hoffmeister, 1843 accepted as Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758
- Species Lumbricus alyattes Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Allolobophora cyanea (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Octolasion cyaneum (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Lumbricus amphisbaena Dugés, 1828 accepted as Eiseniella tetraedra (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus anatomicus Dugés, 1828 accepted as Allolobophora chlorotica (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus annularis Templeton, 1836 accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus annulatus Hutton, 1877 accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus annulatus Perel, 1975 accepted as Lumbricus polyphemus (Fitzinger, 1833) (synonym)
- Species Lumbricus aquatilis Vejdovský, 1876 accepted as Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus arenarius Müller, 1776 accepted as Clitellio (Clitellio) arenarius (Müller, 1776) (superseded original combination)
- Species Lumbricus australiensis Fletcher, 1887 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus boeckii (Eisen, 1874) accepted as Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus brevispinus Gerstfeldt, 1859 accepted as Allolobophora foetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (synonym)
- Species Lumbricus caliginosus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus capensis Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus carneus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Lumbricus chloroticus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Allolobophora chlorotica (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus communis Hoffmeister, 1845 accepted as Lumbricus anatomicus Dugés, 1828 accepted as Allolobophora chlorotica (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus complanatus Dugès, 1828 accepted as Octodrilus complanatus (Dugés, 1828)
- Species Lumbricus corethrurus Müller, 1856 accepted as Pontoscolex corethrurus (Muller, 1856)
- Species Lumbricus cyaneus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Octolasion cyaneum (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus echiurus Pallas, 1766 accepted as Echiurus echiurus (Pallas, 1766) (superseded original combination)
- Species Lumbricus eiseni Levinsen, 1884 accepted as Bimastos eiseni (Levinsen, 1884)
- Species Lumbricus eugeniae Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Eudrilus eugeniae (Kinberg, 1866)
- Species Lumbricus flaviventris Leuckart, 1849 accepted as Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus foetidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus gigas Dugès, 1828 accepted as Allolobophora gigas (Dugès, 1828) accepted as Scherotheca (Scherotheca) gigas (Dugès, 1828)
- Species Lumbricus gordianus Templeton, 1836 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus gordioides Hartmann in Oken, 1819 accepted as Haplotaxis gordioides (Hartmann in Oken, 1819) (unaccepted > junior objective synonym)
- Species Lumbricus helenae Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus hortensiae Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus ictericus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Aporrectodea icterica (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus infelix Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus, 1758
- Species Lumbricus josephinae Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Lumbricus castaneus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus kerguelarum Grube, 1877 accepted as Microscolex kerguelarum (Grube, 1877)
- Species Lumbricus lacustris Verrill, 1871 accepted as Eclipidrilus (Leptodrilus) lacustris (Verrill, 1871)
- Species Lumbricus levis Hutton, 1877 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus lineatus Müller, 1774 accepted as Lumbricillus lineatus (Müller, 1774) (Synonym)
- Species Lumbricus litoralis Grube, 1855 accepted as Pontodrilus litoralis (Grube, 1855) (synonym)
- Species Lumbricus lividus Templeton, 1836 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus lucens Waga, 1857 accepted as Eisenia lucens (Waga, 1857) (superseded original combination)
- Species Lumbricus luteus Blanchard, 1849 accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus mammalis (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Satchellius mammalis (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus marinus Linnaeus, 1758 accepted as Arenicola marina (Linnaeus, 1758) (superseded original combination)
- Species Lumbricus microchaetus Rapp, 1849 accepted as Microchaetus microchaetus (Rapp, 1849)
- Species Lumbricus minutus Müller, 1776 accepted as Lumbricillus minutus (Müller, 1776) (Synonym)
- Species Lumbricus multispinus Grube, 1851 accepted as Echinodrilus multispinus (Grube, 1851) accepted as Mesenchytraeus multispinus (Grube, 1851)
- Species Lumbricus neapolitanus (Örley, 1885) accepted as Eiseniella neapolitana (Örley, 1885)
- Species Lumbricus novae-hollandiae Kinberg, 1866 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus octaedrus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Dendrobaena octaedra (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus olidus Hoffmeister, 1843 accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus opimus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Octodrilus transpadanus (Rosa, 1884) (unaccepted > junior subjective synonym)
- Species Lumbricus papillosus Friend, 1892 accepted as Lumbricus friendi Cognetti de Martiis, 1904 (replaced junior homonym to L. papillosus Müller, 1776)
- Species Lumbricus phosphoreus Dugès, 1837 accepted as Photodrilus phosphoreus (Dugès, 1837) accepted as Microscolex phosphoreus (Dugès, 1837)
- Species Lumbricus pieter d'Udekem, 1865 accepted as Dendrodrilus rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Bimastos rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus platyurus (Fitzinger, 1833) accepted as Fitzingeria platyura (Fitzinger, 1833) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus purus Dugès, 1837 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus puter Hoffmeister, 1845 accepted as Dendrodrilus rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Bimastos rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus quadrangularis Risso, 1826 accepted as Eiseniella tetraedra (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus riparius Hoffmeister, 1843 accepted as Allolobophora chlorotica (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus roseus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Aporrectodea rosea (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Bimastos rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (unaccepted > superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus rubro-fasciatus Baird, 1871 accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus semifasciatus Burmeister, 1835 accepted as Eisenia fetida (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus stagnalis Hoffmeister, 1845 accepted as Octolasion cyaneum (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (synonym)
- Species Lumbricus submontanus Vejdovský, 1876 accepted as Allolobophora submontana (Vejdovsky, 1876) (superseded original combination)
- Species Lumbricus tetraedrus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Eiseniella tetraedra (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus thalassema Pallas, 1774 accepted as Thalassema thalassema (Pallas, 1774) (superseded original combination)
- Species Lumbricus trapezoides Dugès, 1828 accepted as Aporrectodea caliginosa trapezoides (Dugés, 1828)
- Species Lumbricus tubifex Müller, 1774 accepted as Tubifex tubifex (Müller, 1774) (Synonym)
- Species Lumbricus tyrtaeus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Octolasion tyrtaeum (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) (superseded combination)
- Species Lumbricus variegatus Müller, 1774 accepted as Lumbriculus variegatus (Müller, 1774) (Synonym)
- Species Lumbricus victoris Perrier, 1872 accepted as Dendrodrilus rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Bimastos rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus viridis Johnston, 1865 accepted as Allolobophora chlorotica (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus xanthurus Templeton, 1836 accepted as Dendrodrilus rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826) accepted as Bimastos rubidus (Savigny in Cuvier, 1826)
- Species Lumbricus apii Kinberg, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus argentinus Weyenbergh, 1879 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus armatus Kinberg, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus blainvilleus Dugès, 1837 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus bohemicus Černosvitov, 1931 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus brevicollis (Fitzinger, 1833) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus caeruleus Risso, 1826 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus campestris Hutton, 1877 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus castaneus Risso, 1826 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus centralis Bouché, 1972 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus cinctus (Fitzinger, 1833) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus clitellinus Risso, 1826 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus corduvensis Weyenbergh, 1879 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus dissidens Weyenbergh, 1879 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus dubius Dugès, 1837 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus ephippium Grube, 1851 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus fimetorum (Fitzinger, 1833) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus freyeri Ehrenberg, 1862 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus giganteus Risso, 1826 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus glacialis Leidy, 1885 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus hirsutus Dalyell, 1853 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus hispanicus Vaillant, 1889 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus improvisus Zicsi, 1963 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus inaequalis Müller, 1776 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus intermedius Czerniavsky, 1880 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus isidorus Dugès, 1837 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus iuloides Chiaje, 1841 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus jordanii Williams, 1858 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus juliformis Baird, 1871 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus kanii Williams, 1858 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus klarae Zicsi & Csuzdi, 1999 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus leptozonius Hagen, 1823 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus lumbricus Friend, 1893 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus matutinus Weyenbergh, 1879 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus maximus (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus michaelseni Ribacourt, 1896 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus mollis Dugès, 1837 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus noctilucus Eversmann, 1838 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus novaehollandiae Kinberg, 1867 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus omilurus Templeton, 1836 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus pampicola Kinberg, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus paucisetis Beddard, 1892 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus pellucida Templeton, 1834 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus pumilosum Beddard, 1895 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus purpureus Eisen, 1871 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus putredinis Hardy, 1849 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus rivalis Fabricius, 1780 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus roseus Risso, 1826 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus rufescens Johnston, 1827 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus studeri Ribacourt, 1896 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus tahitana Kinberg, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus tellus Kinberg, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus tongaensis Grube, 1877 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus triannularis Grube, 1851 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus uliginosus Hutton, 1877 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus valdiviensis Blanchard & Gay, 1849 (uncertain > unassessed)
- Species Lumbricus vaporariorum (Fitzinger, 1833) (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
- Species Lumbricus vermicularis Müller, 1774 (uncertain > nomen dubium)
- Species Lumbricus vineti Kinberg, 1866 (uncertain > taxon inquirendum)
marine, fresh, terrestrial
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. <em>Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.</em> , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details] Available for editors [request]
Homonymy Lumbricus has been used for centuries as a vernacular name to refer to various worms, including intestinal worms. Later...
Homonymy Lumbricus has been used for centuries as a vernacular name to refer to various worms, including intestinal worms. Later Lumbricus terrestris for earthworms was used by Aldrovandi in 1602, and others subsequently, before the start of Code-recognised Linnaean taxonomy in 1758. Linnaeus (1758) used Lumbricus for Lumbricus terrestris and L marinus (now Arenicola marina). Later Lumbricus continued to be used in a loose manner by others for a variety of worms not earthworms. One of these was Lumbricus echiurus Pallas (1766), now in echiurans as Echiurus echiurus (Pallas, 1766). In a later work Pallas added two sipunculans, as Lumbricus phalloides Pallas, 1774, and Lumbricus thalassema Pallas, 1774. So he had two major subgroups of annelids shoehorned into the Linnaeus earthworm genus Lumbricus. Nomenclator Zoologicus includes a 'Lumbricus Pallas 1766' as a homonym to Lumbricus Linnaeus, but this seems at odds with Pallas's likely intention. He was well aware of the Linnaean genus Lumbricus with its long historic usage, and would have used another name if he had intended to create a new genus. Pallas was using the Linnaean genus. At best this usage could be referred to as "Lumbricus Linnaeus 1758, sensu Pallas 1766, but he mixed two lineages of worms in it. [details]
WoRMS (2024). Lumbricus Linnaeus, 1758. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=154885 on 2024-11-21
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original description
Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. <em>Editio decima, reformata [10th revised edition], vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae.</em> , available online at https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 [details] Available for editors [request]
original description (of Enterion Savigny, 1822) Savigny, Jules-César. (1822). Système des annélides, principalement de celles des côtes de l'Égypte et de la Syrie, offrant les caractères tant distinctifs que naturels des Ordres, Familles et Genres, avec la Description des Espèces. <em>Description de l'Égypte ou Recueil des Observations et des Recherches qui ont été faites en Égypte pendant l'Expédition de l'Armée Française, publié par les Ordres de sa Majesté l'Empereur Napoléon le Grand, Histoire Naturelle, Paris.</em> 1(3):1–128., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41329897
page(s): 103; note: erected for Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. Enterion terrestre is Savigny's new combination name, not a new species. [details]
taxonomy source Friend, H. (1913). A contribution to the bionomics of English Oligochaeta. <em>Science progress.</em> 8(29): 99-112. [details]
context source (MSBIAS) Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. (2023). 2019 The Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA) Wembury Bioblitz survey. The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH). , available online at https://portal.medin.org.uk/portal/start.php#details?tpc=010_71a02145fae5466afe757cd48b999ded [details]
additional source Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/669#/summary
page(s): 647 [details]
additional source Beddard, F.E. (1895). A monograph of the order of Oligochaeta. <em>[Book].</em> 769 pp. The Clarendon Press, Oxford., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/71343
page(s): 721 [details]
additional source Claus, C. (1876). Grundzüge der Zoologie. (Third edition) [Principles of Zoology]. <em>N.G. Elwertsche Verlagsuchhandlung, Marburg & Leipzig.</em> 1-1254. (vol.1. incl. Annelides p.394-421, Copepoda p.465-480, vol.2 Mollusca),., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/11954#/summary
page(s): 416 [details]
additional source Rosa, D. (1893). Revisione dei Lumbricide. <em>Memorie della Reale accademia delle scienze di Torino.</em> Ser. 2:43(1):399-476 + 2 tables., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43210922
page(s): 417 [details]
original description (of Enterion Savigny, 1822) Savigny, Jules-César. (1822). Système des annélides, principalement de celles des côtes de l'Égypte et de la Syrie, offrant les caractères tant distinctifs que naturels des Ordres, Familles et Genres, avec la Description des Espèces. <em>Description de l'Égypte ou Recueil des Observations et des Recherches qui ont été faites en Égypte pendant l'Expédition de l'Armée Française, publié par les Ordres de sa Majesté l'Empereur Napoléon le Grand, Histoire Naturelle, Paris.</em> 1(3):1–128., available online at http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/41329897
page(s): 103; note: erected for Lumbricus terrestris Linnaeus. Enterion terrestre is Savigny's new combination name, not a new species. [details]
taxonomy source Friend, H. (1913). A contribution to the bionomics of English Oligochaeta. <em>Science progress.</em> 8(29): 99-112. [details]
context source (MSBIAS) Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. (2023). 2019 The Marine Biological Association of the UK (MBA) Wembury Bioblitz survey. The Archive for Marine Species and Habitats Data (DASSH). , available online at https://portal.medin.org.uk/portal/start.php#details?tpc=010_71a02145fae5466afe757cd48b999ded [details]
additional source Linnaeus, C. (1753). Species plantarum, exhibentes plantas rite cognitas ad genera relatas cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas. Vol 1. Salvius, Stockholm., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/669#/summary
page(s): 647 [details]
additional source Beddard, F.E. (1895). A monograph of the order of Oligochaeta. <em>[Book].</em> 769 pp. The Clarendon Press, Oxford., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/71343
page(s): 721 [details]
additional source Claus, C. (1876). Grundzüge der Zoologie. (Third edition) [Principles of Zoology]. <em>N.G. Elwertsche Verlagsuchhandlung, Marburg & Leipzig.</em> 1-1254. (vol.1. incl. Annelides p.394-421, Copepoda p.465-480, vol.2 Mollusca),., available online at http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/11954#/summary
page(s): 416 [details]
additional source Rosa, D. (1893). Revisione dei Lumbricide. <em>Memorie della Reale accademia delle scienze di Torino.</em> Ser. 2:43(1):399-476 + 2 tables., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43210922
page(s): 417 [details]
From editor or global species database
Habitat A genus of “classical” earthworms never living in marine environments. [details]Homonymy Lumbricus has been used for centuries as a vernacular name to refer to various worms, including intestinal worms. Later Lumbricus terrestris for earthworms was used by Aldrovandi in 1602, and others subsequently, before the start of Code-recognised Linnaean taxonomy in 1758. Linnaeus (1758) used Lumbricus for Lumbricus terrestris and L marinus (now Arenicola marina). Later Lumbricus continued to be used in a loose manner by others for a variety of worms not earthworms. One of these was Lumbricus echiurus Pallas (1766), now in echiurans as Echiurus echiurus (Pallas, 1766). In a later work Pallas added two sipunculans, as Lumbricus phalloides Pallas, 1774, and Lumbricus thalassema Pallas, 1774. So he had two major subgroups of annelids shoehorned into the Linnaeus earthworm genus Lumbricus. Nomenclator Zoologicus includes a 'Lumbricus Pallas 1766' as a homonym to Lumbricus Linnaeus, but this seems at odds with Pallas's likely intention. He was well aware of the Linnaean genus Lumbricus with its long historic usage, and would have used another name if he had intended to create a new genus. Pallas was using the Linnaean genus. At best this usage could be referred to as "Lumbricus Linnaeus 1758, sensu Pallas 1766, but he mixed two lineages of worms in it. [details]