WoRMS taxon details
Epiactis prolifera Verrill, 1869
283435 (urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:283435)
accepted
Species
Epiactis fertilis Andres, 1883 · unaccepted
marine, terrestrial
Verrill, A. E. (1868-1870). Review of the corals and polyps of the west coast of America. <em>Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.</em> 1, 6, 377-558.
page(s): 492-493 [details]
page(s): 492-493 [details]
Note Type species of *Epiactis* by monotypy.
Type species Type species of *Epiactis* by monotypy. [details]
Rodríguez, E.; Fautin, D; Daly, M. (2024). World List of Actiniaria. Epiactis prolifera Verrill, 1869. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=283435 on 2024-11-21
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The webpage text is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
original description
Verrill, A. E. (1868-1870). Review of the corals and polyps of the west coast of America. <em>Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences.</em> 1, 6, 377-558.
page(s): 492-493 [details]
original description (of Epiactis fertilis Andres, 1883) Andres, A. (1883). Le Attinie. Atti dell' Accademia de Lincei, 14, 3, Memorie, 211-673
page(s): 570, 574-575 [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record den Hartog, J. C. & van der Land, J. (2000-2007). As a contribution to UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Dunn, Daphne Fautin (1982) Sexual reproduction of two intertidal sea anemone (Coelenterata: Actinaria) in Malaysia, Biotropica 14: 262-271
page(s): 267-268 [details]
additional source Hand, C. (1957). Another sea anemone from California and the types of certain Californian anemones. <em>Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences.</em> 47(12): 411-414., available online at http://biostor.org/reference/134287
page(s): 413 [details] Available for editors
[request]
additional source Yanagi, K. & Daly, M. (2004). The hermaphroditic sea anemone Anthopleura atodai n. sp. (Anthozoa: Actiniaria : Actiniidae) from Japan, with a redescription of A. hermaphroditica. <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 117(3): 408-422.
page(s): 420 [details]
additional source Pearse, V., & Francis, L. (2000). Anthopleura sola, a new species, solitary sibling species to the aggregating sea anemone, A-elegantissima (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Actiniidae). <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 113(3), 596-608.
page(s): 603 [details]
additional source England, K. W. (1992). Actiniaria (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from Hong Kong with additional data on smiliar species from Aden, Bahrain and Singapore. <em>In Proceedings of the fourth international marine biological workshop: The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and southern China (ed. Morton, B.). The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and southern China III. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong.</em> 1, 49-95.
page(s): 72 [details]
additional source Hand, C. (1955). The sea anemones of central California Part II. The endomyarian and mesomyarian anemones. <em>Wasmann Journal of Biology.</em> 13: 37-99.
page(s): 39-46, 48 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1949). A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. <em>Kungliga Svenska Vet- enskapsakadamiens Handlingar.</em> 1: 1–121.
page(s): 58 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1899). Descriptions of imperfectly known and new actinians, with critical notes on other species. American Journal of Science, 7: 41-50, 143-146, 205-218, 375-380
page(s): 377-378 [details]
additional source Ottaway, J. R. (1979). Population Ecology of the Intertidal Anemone *Actinia tenebrosa.* II. * Geographical Distribution, Synonymy, Reproductive Cycle and Fecundity. <em>Australian Journal of Zoology.</em> 27(2), 273-290.
page(s): 285 [details]
additional source Parker, G. H. (1900). Synopses of North-American invertebrates. XIII. The Actiniaria. American Naturalist, 34, 747-758
page(s): 751, 752 [details]
additional source England, K. W. (1987). Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 53(4): 205-292
page(s): 240 [details]
additional source Stephenson, T. A. (1922). On the classification of Actiniaria. Part III. -- Definitions connected with the forms dealt with in Part II. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 66, 2, (262): 247-319
page(s): 274 [details]
additional source Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Ross, D.M., 1974. Behavior patterns in associations and interactions with other animals. In: L. Muscatine & H.M. Lenhoff, eds, Coelenterate Biology. Reviews and new perspectives : 281-312.
page(s): 296 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E., 1871. Notes on Radiata. No. 7. On the geographical distribution of the polypes of the West coast of America. Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci. 1 : 558-567.
page(s): 560 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1988). La fauna bentonica de Barckley Sound. II. Enmienda a las diagnosis de los generos Epiactis Verrill, 1869 y Cnidopus Carlgren, 1934 (Actiniaria: Actiniidae) y algunos aspectos sobre la viviparidad de Cnidopus ritteri (Torrey, 1902). Physis (Buenos Aires), 46A(111): 43-49
page(s): 43-45 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1945). Further contributions to the knowledge of the cnidom in the Anthozoa especially in the Actiniaria. Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapets Handlingar, 56, N.F., (9): 1-24
page(s): 11 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1947). Further contributions to a revision of the Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia. Arkiv für Zoologi, 17(9): 1-17
page(s): 3 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1952). Actiniaria from North America. Arkiv für Zoologi, 3, 2, (30): 373-390
page(s): 386-387 [details]
additional source Kwietniewski, C. R. (1898). Actiniaria von Ost-Spitzbergen, nach den Sammlungen von Prof. Dr. W. Kükenthal und Dr. A. Walter. Zoologische Jahrbücher Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 11, 121-140
page(s): 122 [details]
additional source Hand, C. H.; Dunn, D. F. (1974). Redescription and range extension of the sea anemone Cnidopus ritteri (Torrey) (Coelenterata: Actiniaria). Wasmann Journal of Biology, 32(2): 187-194
page(s): 192 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F. (1975). Gynodioecy in an animal. Nature (London), 253(5492): 528-529
page(s): 528-529 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F. (1975). Reproduction of the externally brooding sea anemone Epiactis prolifera Verrill, 1869. Biological Bulletin, 148, 199-218
page(s): 199-217 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Chia, F. S. (1986). Revision of sea anemone genus Epiactis (Coelenterata: Actiniaria) on the Pacific coast of North America, with descriptions of two new brooding species. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64(8): 1665-1674
page(s): 1665, 1670, 1673 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Kozloff, E. N.; Siebert, A. E. (1987). Phylum Cnidaria - Class Anthozoa. University of Washington Press. Seattle and London., pp. 68-78
page(s): 76-77 [details]
additional source Edmands, S.; Fautin, D. G. (1991). Redescription of Aulactinia veratra n. comb. (=Cnidopus veratra) (Coelenterata: Actiniaria) from Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum (Perth), 15(1): 59-68, available online at https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/6121/Edmands and Fautin.1991.pdf
page(s): 59 [details]
additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1901). Report on the Hexactiniæ of the Columbia University Expedition to Puget Sound during the summer of 1896. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 14(1): 1-52
page(s): 3, 39-43 [details]
additional source Kostina, E. E. (1988). Biogeographical characteristics of sea anemones of the Pacific boreal region. Biologiya Morya, 1988(3): 14-21
page(s): 18 [details]
additional source McCommas, S. A. (1991). Relationships within the family Actiniidae (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) based on molecular characters. Hydrobiologia, 216/217, 509-512
page(s): 510-512 [details]
additional source Edmands, S. (1995). Mating systems in the sea anemone genus Epiactis. Marine Biology, 123, 723-733
page(s): 723-732 [details]
additional source McCommas, S. A. (1983). A taxonomic approach to evaluation of the charge state model using twelve species of sea anemone. Genetics, 103, 741-752
page(s): 743, 745 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1940). The fauna of Akkeshi Bay X. Actiniaria. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, 7, 6, (3): 265-275
page(s): 265-266, 272, 274 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1941). Actiniaria collected in the vicinity of Onagawa Bay. Science Reports of the Tohoku University. Fourth series (Biology) [Tohoku Daigaku Rika Hokoku], 16, 4, (4): 383-390
page(s): 387 [details]
additional source Ishimura, M.; Nishihira, M. (2002). Direct attachment of eggs to the body wall in the externally brooding sea anemone Cnidopus japonicus (Actiniaria, Actiniidae). Journal of Ethology, 21, 93-99
page(s): 93-94, 97-99 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1870). On the geographical distribution of the polyps of the west coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1, 7, 558-567
page(s): 560 [details]
additional source Pankova, V. V.; Manchenko, G. P. (2003). Coordinated multiallele allozymic variations of hybridizing GPI isozymes in three sea anemone species of the family Actiniidae. Gene Families and Isozymes, 36, 0197-887X, 34
page(s): 34 [details]
additional source Cline, E. I.; Wolowyk, M. W. (1997). Cardiac stimulatory, cytotoxic and cytolytic activity of extracts of sea anemones. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 35(2): 91-98
page(s): 91, 93-94 [details]
additional source Uchida, T.; Iwata, F. (1954). On the development of a brood-caring actinian. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, 12, VI, Zoology, (1-2): 220
page(s): 220, 224 [details]
additional source Gotshall, D. W. (2005). Guide to Marine Invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California. Sea Challengers. Monterey., edition 2nd (Revised), pp. 117.
page(s): 30 [details]
additional source Hand, C. H. (1996). The alarm response and some predators of the sea anemone Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt). Wasmann Journal of Biology, 51(1-2): 9-23
page(s): 10, 12, 13, 14 [details]
additional source Yoshiyama, R. M.; Wallace, W. D.; Burns, J. L.; Knowlton, A. L.; Welter, J. R. (1996). Laboratory food choice by the mosshead sculpin, Clinocottus globiceps (Girard) (Teleostei, Cottidae), a predator of sea anemones. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 204, 23-42
page(s): 23, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 39 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1996). Reproducción de Oulactis muscosa Dana, 1849 (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) en el intermareal de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Biociências, 4(1): 127-143
page(s): 133 [details]
additional source Monteiro, F. A.; Russo, C. A. M.; Solé-Cava, A. M.; Gittenberger, A. (1998). Genetic evidence for the asexual origin of small individuals found in the coelenteron of the sea anemone Actinia bermudensis McMurrich. Bulletin of Marine Science, 63(2): 257-264
page(s): 257, 261 [details]
additional source Eckelbarger, K. J.; Hand, C. H.; Uhlinger, K. R. (2008). Ultrastructural features of the trophonema and oogenesis in the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis (Edwardsiidae). Invertebrate Biology, 127(4): 3810395
page(s): 382, 389, 392 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G. (1997). Cnidarian reproduction: assumptions and their implications. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Coelenterate Biology, 151-162
page(s): 155, 158 [details]
additional source Scott, A.; Harrison, P. L. (2007). Embryonic and larval development of the host sea anemones Entacmaea quadricolor and Heteractis crispa. Biological Bulletin, 213, 110-121
page(s): 116 [details]
additional source Zamponi, M. O. (2000). Sintesis sobre la biologia reproductiva de los actiniarios intermareales de Mar del Plata (Argentina). Revista Real Academia Galega de Ciencias, 19, 43-53
page(s): 48, 49 [details]
additional source Lamb, A.; Hanby, B. P. (2005). Sea anemones, corals, hydroids, hydrocorals, jellies and others: Phylum Cnidaria (aka Coelenterata). Habour Publishing. Madeira Park, pp. 80-113
page(s): 86 [details]
additional source Chen, C.; Soong, K.; Chen, C. A. (2008). The smallest oocytes among broadcast-spawning actiniarians and a unique lunar reproductive cycle in a unisexual population of the sea anemone, Aiptasia pulchella (Anthozoa: Actiniaria). Zoological Studies, 47(1): 37-45
page(s): 38, 39 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Zelenchuk, T.; Raveendran, D. (2007). Genera of orders Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia), and their type species. Zootaxa, 1668, 183-244
page(s): 202 [details]
additional source Alegre-Cebollada, J.; Oñaderra, M.; Gavilanes, J. G.; Martínez del Pozo, A. (2007). Sea anemone actinoporins: the transition from a folded soluble state to a functionally active membrane-bound oligomeric pore. Current Protein and Peptide Science, 8, 558-572
page(s): 559 [details]
additional source Cutress, C. E. (1949). The Oregon Shore Anemones (Anthozoa). Oregon State College (Thesis). Corvallis., pp. 57.
page(s): 26-29, 52 [details]
additional source Torrey, H. B. (1902). Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. XXX. Anemones, with discussion of variation in Metridium. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 4, 373-410
page(s): 392-393 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1934). A brood-caring actinian subject to a wide range of colour variation. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, 3, 6, (1): 17-31
page(s): 17-31 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1938). Actiniaria of Mutsu Bay. Report of the Biological Survey of Mutsu Bay, 13, 4, (3): 281-317
page(s): 309-310 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F.; Chia, F. S.; Levine, R. (1980). Nomenclature of Aulactinia (= Bunodactis), with description of Aulactinia incubans n. sp. (Coelenterata: Actiniaria), an internally brooding sea anemone from Puget Sound. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 58(11): 2071-2080
page(s): 2077, 2079 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F. (1982). Cnidaria. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York and other cities., volume 1, pp. 669-706
page(s): 694 [details]
additional source Geller, J. B.; Walton, E. D. (2001). Breaking up and getting together: evolution of symbiosis and cloning by fission in sea anemones (genus Anthopleura). Evolution, 55(9): 1781-1794
page(s): 1785, 1786, 1787 [details]
page(s): 492-493 [details]
original description (of Epiactis fertilis Andres, 1883) Andres, A. (1883). Le Attinie. Atti dell' Accademia de Lincei, 14, 3, Memorie, 211-673
page(s): 570, 574-575 [details]
context source (Hexacorallia) Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
basis of record den Hartog, J. C. & van der Land, J. (2000-2007). As a contribution to UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Dunn, Daphne Fautin (1982) Sexual reproduction of two intertidal sea anemone (Coelenterata: Actinaria) in Malaysia, Biotropica 14: 262-271
page(s): 267-268 [details]
additional source Hand, C. (1957). Another sea anemone from California and the types of certain Californian anemones. <em>Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences.</em> 47(12): 411-414., available online at http://biostor.org/reference/134287
page(s): 413 [details] Available for editors
[request]additional source Yanagi, K. & Daly, M. (2004). The hermaphroditic sea anemone Anthopleura atodai n. sp. (Anthozoa: Actiniaria : Actiniidae) from Japan, with a redescription of A. hermaphroditica. <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 117(3): 408-422.
page(s): 420 [details]
additional source Pearse, V., & Francis, L. (2000). Anthopleura sola, a new species, solitary sibling species to the aggregating sea anemone, A-elegantissima (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria: Actiniidae). <em>Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington.</em> 113(3), 596-608.
page(s): 603 [details]
additional source England, K. W. (1992). Actiniaria (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) from Hong Kong with additional data on smiliar species from Aden, Bahrain and Singapore. <em>In Proceedings of the fourth international marine biological workshop: The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and southern China (ed. Morton, B.). The marine flora and fauna of Hong Kong and southern China III. Hong Kong University Press, Hong Kong.</em> 1, 49-95.
page(s): 72 [details]
additional source Hand, C. (1955). The sea anemones of central California Part II. The endomyarian and mesomyarian anemones. <em>Wasmann Journal of Biology.</em> 13: 37-99.
page(s): 39-46, 48 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1949). A survey of the Ptychodactiaria, Corallimorpharia and Actiniaria. <em>Kungliga Svenska Vet- enskapsakadamiens Handlingar.</em> 1: 1–121.
page(s): 58 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1899). Descriptions of imperfectly known and new actinians, with critical notes on other species. American Journal of Science, 7: 41-50, 143-146, 205-218, 375-380
page(s): 377-378 [details]
additional source Ottaway, J. R. (1979). Population Ecology of the Intertidal Anemone *Actinia tenebrosa.* II. * Geographical Distribution, Synonymy, Reproductive Cycle and Fecundity. <em>Australian Journal of Zoology.</em> 27(2), 273-290.
page(s): 285 [details]
additional source Parker, G. H. (1900). Synopses of North-American invertebrates. XIII. The Actiniaria. American Naturalist, 34, 747-758
page(s): 751, 752 [details]
additional source England, K. W. (1987). Certain Actiniaria (Cnidaria, Anthozoa) from the Red Sea and tropical Indo-Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), 53(4): 205-292
page(s): 240 [details]
additional source Stephenson, T. A. (1922). On the classification of Actiniaria. Part III. -- Definitions connected with the forms dealt with in Part II. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science, 66, 2, (262): 247-319
page(s): 274 [details]
additional source Fautin, Daphne G. (2013). Hexacorallians of the World. (look up in IMIS) [details]
additional source Ross, D.M., 1974. Behavior patterns in associations and interactions with other animals. In: L. Muscatine & H.M. Lenhoff, eds, Coelenterate Biology. Reviews and new perspectives : 281-312.
page(s): 296 [details]
additional source Verrill, A.E., 1871. Notes on Radiata. No. 7. On the geographical distribution of the polypes of the West coast of America. Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts Sci. 1 : 558-567.
page(s): 560 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1988). La fauna bentonica de Barckley Sound. II. Enmienda a las diagnosis de los generos Epiactis Verrill, 1869 y Cnidopus Carlgren, 1934 (Actiniaria: Actiniidae) y algunos aspectos sobre la viviparidad de Cnidopus ritteri (Torrey, 1902). Physis (Buenos Aires), 46A(111): 43-49
page(s): 43-45 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1945). Further contributions to the knowledge of the cnidom in the Anthozoa especially in the Actiniaria. Kungliga Fysiografiska Sällskapets Handlingar, 56, N.F., (9): 1-24
page(s): 11 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1947). Further contributions to a revision of the Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia. Arkiv für Zoologi, 17(9): 1-17
page(s): 3 [details]
additional source Carlgren, O. (1952). Actiniaria from North America. Arkiv für Zoologi, 3, 2, (30): 373-390
page(s): 386-387 [details]
additional source Kwietniewski, C. R. (1898). Actiniaria von Ost-Spitzbergen, nach den Sammlungen von Prof. Dr. W. Kükenthal und Dr. A. Walter. Zoologische Jahrbücher Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 11, 121-140
page(s): 122 [details]
additional source Hand, C. H.; Dunn, D. F. (1974). Redescription and range extension of the sea anemone Cnidopus ritteri (Torrey) (Coelenterata: Actiniaria). Wasmann Journal of Biology, 32(2): 187-194
page(s): 192 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F. (1975). Gynodioecy in an animal. Nature (London), 253(5492): 528-529
page(s): 528-529 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F. (1975). Reproduction of the externally brooding sea anemone Epiactis prolifera Verrill, 1869. Biological Bulletin, 148, 199-218
page(s): 199-217 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Chia, F. S. (1986). Revision of sea anemone genus Epiactis (Coelenterata: Actiniaria) on the Pacific coast of North America, with descriptions of two new brooding species. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 64(8): 1665-1674
page(s): 1665, 1670, 1673 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Kozloff, E. N.; Siebert, A. E. (1987). Phylum Cnidaria - Class Anthozoa. University of Washington Press. Seattle and London., pp. 68-78
page(s): 76-77 [details]
additional source Edmands, S.; Fautin, D. G. (1991). Redescription of Aulactinia veratra n. comb. (=Cnidopus veratra) (Coelenterata: Actiniaria) from Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum (Perth), 15(1): 59-68, available online at https://kuscholarworks.ku.edu/bitstream/handle/1808/6121/Edmands and Fautin.1991.pdf
page(s): 59 [details]
additional source McMurrich, J. P. (1901). Report on the Hexactiniæ of the Columbia University Expedition to Puget Sound during the summer of 1896. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 14(1): 1-52
page(s): 3, 39-43 [details]
additional source Kostina, E. E. (1988). Biogeographical characteristics of sea anemones of the Pacific boreal region. Biologiya Morya, 1988(3): 14-21
page(s): 18 [details]
additional source McCommas, S. A. (1991). Relationships within the family Actiniidae (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) based on molecular characters. Hydrobiologia, 216/217, 509-512
page(s): 510-512 [details]
additional source Edmands, S. (1995). Mating systems in the sea anemone genus Epiactis. Marine Biology, 123, 723-733
page(s): 723-732 [details]
additional source McCommas, S. A. (1983). A taxonomic approach to evaluation of the charge state model using twelve species of sea anemone. Genetics, 103, 741-752
page(s): 743, 745 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1940). The fauna of Akkeshi Bay X. Actiniaria. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, 7, 6, (3): 265-275
page(s): 265-266, 272, 274 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1941). Actiniaria collected in the vicinity of Onagawa Bay. Science Reports of the Tohoku University. Fourth series (Biology) [Tohoku Daigaku Rika Hokoku], 16, 4, (4): 383-390
page(s): 387 [details]
additional source Ishimura, M.; Nishihira, M. (2002). Direct attachment of eggs to the body wall in the externally brooding sea anemone Cnidopus japonicus (Actiniaria, Actiniidae). Journal of Ethology, 21, 93-99
page(s): 93-94, 97-99 [details]
additional source Verrill, A. E. (1870). On the geographical distribution of the polyps of the west coast of America. Transactions of the Connecticut Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1, 7, 558-567
page(s): 560 [details]
additional source Pankova, V. V.; Manchenko, G. P. (2003). Coordinated multiallele allozymic variations of hybridizing GPI isozymes in three sea anemone species of the family Actiniidae. Gene Families and Isozymes, 36, 0197-887X, 34
page(s): 34 [details]
additional source Cline, E. I.; Wolowyk, M. W. (1997). Cardiac stimulatory, cytotoxic and cytolytic activity of extracts of sea anemones. International Journal of Pharmacognosy, 35(2): 91-98
page(s): 91, 93-94 [details]
additional source Uchida, T.; Iwata, F. (1954). On the development of a brood-caring actinian. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, 12, VI, Zoology, (1-2): 220
page(s): 220, 224 [details]
additional source Gotshall, D. W. (2005). Guide to Marine Invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California. Sea Challengers. Monterey., edition 2nd (Revised), pp. 117.
page(s): 30 [details]
additional source Hand, C. H. (1996). The alarm response and some predators of the sea anemone Anthopleura xanthogrammica (Brandt). Wasmann Journal of Biology, 51(1-2): 9-23
page(s): 10, 12, 13, 14 [details]
additional source Yoshiyama, R. M.; Wallace, W. D.; Burns, J. L.; Knowlton, A. L.; Welter, J. R. (1996). Laboratory food choice by the mosshead sculpin, Clinocottus globiceps (Girard) (Teleostei, Cottidae), a predator of sea anemones. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 204, 23-42
page(s): 23, 25, 26, 29, 30, 32, 34, 36, 39 [details]
additional source Excoffon, A. C.; Zamponi, M. O. (1996). Reproducción de Oulactis muscosa Dana, 1849 (Cnidaria, Actiniaria) en el intermareal de Mar del Plata, Argentina. Biociências, 4(1): 127-143
page(s): 133 [details]
additional source Monteiro, F. A.; Russo, C. A. M.; Solé-Cava, A. M.; Gittenberger, A. (1998). Genetic evidence for the asexual origin of small individuals found in the coelenteron of the sea anemone Actinia bermudensis McMurrich. Bulletin of Marine Science, 63(2): 257-264
page(s): 257, 261 [details]
additional source Eckelbarger, K. J.; Hand, C. H.; Uhlinger, K. R. (2008). Ultrastructural features of the trophonema and oogenesis in the starlet sea anemone, Nematostella vectensis (Edwardsiidae). Invertebrate Biology, 127(4): 3810395
page(s): 382, 389, 392 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G. (1997). Cnidarian reproduction: assumptions and their implications. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Coelenterate Biology, 151-162
page(s): 155, 158 [details]
additional source Scott, A.; Harrison, P. L. (2007). Embryonic and larval development of the host sea anemones Entacmaea quadricolor and Heteractis crispa. Biological Bulletin, 213, 110-121
page(s): 116 [details]
additional source Zamponi, M. O. (2000). Sintesis sobre la biologia reproductiva de los actiniarios intermareales de Mar del Plata (Argentina). Revista Real Academia Galega de Ciencias, 19, 43-53
page(s): 48, 49 [details]
additional source Lamb, A.; Hanby, B. P. (2005). Sea anemones, corals, hydroids, hydrocorals, jellies and others: Phylum Cnidaria (aka Coelenterata). Habour Publishing. Madeira Park, pp. 80-113
page(s): 86 [details]
additional source Chen, C.; Soong, K.; Chen, C. A. (2008). The smallest oocytes among broadcast-spawning actiniarians and a unique lunar reproductive cycle in a unisexual population of the sea anemone, Aiptasia pulchella (Anthozoa: Actiniaria). Zoological Studies, 47(1): 37-45
page(s): 38, 39 [details]
additional source Fautin, D. G.; Zelenchuk, T.; Raveendran, D. (2007). Genera of orders Actiniaria and Corallimorpharia (Cnidaria, Anthozoa, Hexacorallia), and their type species. Zootaxa, 1668, 183-244
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additional source Alegre-Cebollada, J.; Oñaderra, M.; Gavilanes, J. G.; Martínez del Pozo, A. (2007). Sea anemone actinoporins: the transition from a folded soluble state to a functionally active membrane-bound oligomeric pore. Current Protein and Peptide Science, 8, 558-572
page(s): 559 [details]
additional source Cutress, C. E. (1949). The Oregon Shore Anemones (Anthozoa). Oregon State College (Thesis). Corvallis., pp. 57.
page(s): 26-29, 52 [details]
additional source Torrey, H. B. (1902). Papers from the Harriman Alaska Expedition. XXX. Anemones, with discussion of variation in Metridium. Proceedings of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 4, 373-410
page(s): 392-393 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1934). A brood-caring actinian subject to a wide range of colour variation. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido Imperial University, 3, 6, (1): 17-31
page(s): 17-31 [details]
additional source Uchida, T. (1938). Actiniaria of Mutsu Bay. Report of the Biological Survey of Mutsu Bay, 13, 4, (3): 281-317
page(s): 309-310 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F.; Chia, F. S.; Levine, R. (1980). Nomenclature of Aulactinia (= Bunodactis), with description of Aulactinia incubans n. sp. (Coelenterata: Actiniaria), an internally brooding sea anemone from Puget Sound. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 58(11): 2071-2080
page(s): 2077, 2079 [details]
additional source Dunn, D. F. (1982). Cnidaria. McGraw-Hill Book Company. New York and other cities., volume 1, pp. 669-706
page(s): 694 [details]
additional source Geller, J. B.; Walton, E. D. (2001). Breaking up and getting together: evolution of symbiosis and cloning by fission in sea anemones (genus Anthopleura). Evolution, 55(9): 1781-1794
page(s): 1785, 1786, 1787 [details]
Present Present in aphia/obis/gbif/idigbio Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
Syntype YPM 2123, geounit United States Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Syntype YPM 8136, geounit United States Exclusive Economic Zone [details]
Unreviewed
Type species Type species of *Epiactis* by monotypy. [details]
