WoRMS source details
Schuster, A.; Pisera, A.; Kelly, M.; Bell, L.J.; Pomponi, S.A.; Wörheide, G.; Erpenbeck, D. (2018). New species and a molecular dating analysis of Vetulina Schmidt, 1879 (Porifera: Demospongiae: Sphaerocladina) reveal an ancient relict fauna with Tethys origin. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 184 (3): 585–604.
290929
10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx114 [view]
Schuster, A.; Pisera, A.; Kelly, M.; Bell, L.J.; Pomponi, S.A.; Wörheide, G.; Erpenbeck, D.
2018
New species and a molecular dating analysis of <i>Vetulina</i> Schmidt, 1879 (Porifera: Demospongiae: Sphaerocladina) reveal an ancient relict fauna with Tethys origin
Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
184 (3): 585–604
Publication
Available for editors [request]
Vetulina Schmidt, 1879 (Demospongiae, Sphaerocladina, Vetulinidae) currently constitutes the only living representative of a once diverse Mesozoic group. Molecular data place Vetulina as a sister taxon to freshwater sponges (Spongillida) despite different skeletal composition. To date, only three extant species of this desma-bearing ‘rock sponge’ have been described from the Caribbean and Indian Ocean, all with similar growth forms and spiculation, but different desma and surface details. Comparison of these genetically very similar species was not possible until the present study. The distribution of Vetulina is taken to be a consequence of the closure of the Tethyan Seaway in the Early Miocene, suggesting a more widely distributed population with its origin in the Tethys Sea. To support this hypothesis in a molecular palaeobiological framework, we first increased the taxon sampling by describing and sequencing two new species of Vetulina from the Bahamas and Philippines and report Vetulina stalactites from nine additional locations in the Tropical Western Atlantic. A robust, dated phylogeny was calculated from the combined dataset and amended by five representative fossils. Our results point to an Eocene origin for Vetulina, even before the closure of the Tethyan Seaway in the Miocene, supporting the hypothesis that Vetulina presents a relict fauna with its origin in the Tethys Sea.
Paleontology, Fossils, Paleobiology
Phylogeny, Phylogenesis
Systematics, Taxonomy
Phylogeny, Phylogenesis
Systematics, Taxonomy
Date
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Vetulina Schmidt, 1879 (additional source)
Vetulina incrustans Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018 (original description)
Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879 (basis of record)
Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018 (original description)
Vetulina incrustans Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018 (original description)
Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879 (basis of record)
Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018 (original description)
Bahamian for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Bahamian for Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Bahamian for Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Bahamian for Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Eastern Caribbean for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Eastern Philippines for Vetulina incrustans Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Greater Antilles for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Southern Caribbean for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Southern Caribbean for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Bahamian for Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Bahamian for Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Bahamian for Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Eastern Caribbean for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Eastern Philippines for Vetulina incrustans Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Greater Antilles for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Southern Caribbean for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Southern Caribbean for Vetulina stalactites Schmidt, 1879
Holotype NIWA 109682, geounit Eastern Philippines, identified as Vetulina incrustans Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Holotype HBOM 30-X-96-2-003, geounit Bahamian, identified as Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018
Holotype HBOM 30-X-96-2-003, geounit Bahamian, identified as Vetulina tholiformis Schuster, Pisera & Kelly, 2018