WoRMS source details
Maldonado, M. (2002[2004]). Family Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875. Pp.141-162. In: Hooper, J.N.A., van Soest,R.W.M. (eds) Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges (2 volumes). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ., New York. 1708+xlviii. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5 (eBook electronic version).
404332
Maldonado, M.
2002[2004]
Family Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875. Pp.141-162.
In: Hooper, J.N.A., van Soest,R.W.M. (eds) Systema Porifera. A Guide to the Classification of Sponges (2 volumes). Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publ., New York
1708+xlviii. ISBN 978-1-4615-0747-5 (eBook electronic version)
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Pachastrellidae Carter (Demospongiae: Astrophorida), including Theneidae Carter, contains 12 valid genera and 2 subgenera. Most genera contain cup-like, massive, and submassive species and are distributed from tropical to high latitudes, mostly in epibathyal and bathyal
habitats. A few genera also include encrusting or cavity-filling forms found predominantly in tropical or temperate shallow-water habitats. This astrophorid family is defined by the possession of tetraxons (calthrops, short-shafted triaenes, mesotriaene-derived desmas, or longshafted triaenes) in combination with streptasters (never euasters) and in most cases by monaxonic microscleres (Le., microxeas, microstyles and microstrongyles). The microscleres are densely packed at the ectosome forming a feltwork. The relationship between genera possessing a typical pachastrellid skeleton and some genera bearing tetraxial desmas other than mesotriaene-derived desmas (mesotriders), which have traditional been included in Lithistida, is still a matter of contention.
Systematics, Taxonomy
Date
action
by
Acanthotriaena Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976 (basis of record)
Acanthotriaena crypta Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976 (basis of record)
Ancorella Lendenfeld, 1907 (basis of record)
Ancorella paulini Lendenfeld, 1907 (basis of record)
Ancorina pachastrelloides Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Characella connectens (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Annulastrella Maldonado, 2002 (original description)
Brachiaster Wilson, 1925 (basis of record)
Brachiaster simplex Wilson, 1925 (basis of record)
Calcabrina plicata (Schmidt, 1868) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) plicatus (Schmidt, 1868) (additional source)
Characella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Characella aspera Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Characella connectens (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Characella enae (de Laubenfels, 1934) (basis of record)
Characella pachastrelloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Characella stellettodes (Carter, 1885) (basis of record)
Chelotropaena Lendenfeld, 1907 accepted as Poecillastra Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Chelotropaena tenuirhabda Lendenfeld, 1907 accepted as Poecillastra tenuirhabda (Lendenfeld, 1907) (basis of record)
Cladothenea Koltun, 1964 (basis of record)
Cladothenea andriashevi Koltun, 1964 (basis of record)
Clavellomorpha Hansen, 1885 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Clavellomorpha minima Hansen, 1885 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Dercitancorina Topsent, 1902 accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Dercitancorina lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) (additional source)
Dercitus Gray, 1867 (additional source)
Dercitus bucklandi (Bowerbank, 1858) represented as Dercitus (Dercitus) bucklandi (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Dercitus occultus Hentschel, 1909 represented as Dercitus (Stoeba) occultus Hentschel, 1909 (basis of record)
Dercitus pauper Sollas, 1902 represented as Dercitus (Stoeba) pauper Sollas, 1902 (basis of record)
Dorvillia Kent, 1870 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Dorvillia agariciformis Kent, 1870 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Halina bucklandi Bowerbank, 1858 accepted as Dercitus (Dercitus) bucklandi (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Hymeniacidon placentula Bowerbank, 1874 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Neothenea de Laubenfels, 1934 accepted as Characella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Nethea Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Nethea amygdaloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Nethea nana (Carter, 1880) (basis of record)
Normania Bowerbank, 1869 accepted as Poecillastra Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Normania crassa Bowerbank, 1874 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Normania goliath Sollas, 1886 accepted as Characella aspera Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Normania schulzei Sollas, 1886 accepted as Poecillastra schulzei (Sollas, 1886) (basis of record)
Normania tenuilaminaris Sollas, 1886 accepted as Poecillastra tenuilaminaris (Sollas, 1886) (basis of record)
Pachastrella Schmidt, 1868 (basis of record)
Pachastrella abyssi Schmidt, 1870 (basis of record)
Pachastrella connectens Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Characella connectens (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Pachastrella exostitus accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (basis of record)
Pachastrella exostotica Schmidt, 1868 accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (additional source)
Pachastrella intextum Carter, 1876 accepted as Triptolemma intextum (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Pachastrella japonica Thiele, 1898 accepted as Poecillastra japonica (Thiele, 1898) (basis of record)
Pachastrella lesinensis Lendenfeld, 1894 accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) (basis of record)
Pachastrella monilifera Schmidt, 1868 (basis of record)
Pachastrella ovisternata Lendenfeld, 1894 (basis of record)
Pachastrella stellettodes Carter, 1885 accepted as Characella stellettodes (Carter, 1885) (basis of record)
Pachastrella stylifera Lendenfeld, 1897 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Pachastrella tenuipilosa Lendenfeld, 1907 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875 (additional source)
Poecillastra Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Poecillastra amygdaloides (Carter, 1876) accepted as Nethea amygdaloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Poecillastra cribraria Wilson, 1904 (basis of record)
Poecillastra eccentrica Dendy & Burton, 1926 (additional source)
Poecillastra schulzii (Sollas, 1886) accepted as Poecillastra schulzei (Sollas, 1886) (additional source)
Sphincterella Laubenfels, 1936 accepted as Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Sphinctrella Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Sphinctrella horrida Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Vulcanella horrida (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Sphinctrella verrucolosa Pulitzer-Finali, 1983 accepted as Annulastrella verrucolosa (Pulitzer-Finali, 1983) (basis of record)
Stelletta pachastrelloides Carter, 1876 accepted as Characella pachastrelloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Stellettinopsis annulata Schmidt, 1880 accepted as Annulastrella schmidti Maldonado, 2002 (basis of record)
Stoeba Sollas, 1888 accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) Sollas, 1888 (additional source)
Stoeba dissimilis (Sarà, 1959) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) dissimilis (Sarà, 1959) (basis of record)
Stoeba exostitus accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (basis of record)
Stoeba exostotica (Schmidt, 1868) accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (basis of record)
Stoeba lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) (basis of record)
Stoeba loricata (Lebwohl, 1914) accepted as Pachastrella loricata (Lebwohl, 1914) (basis of record)
Stoeba simplex (Carter, 1880) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) simplex (Carter, 1880) (additional source)
Tethea muricata Bowerbank, 1858 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Thenea intermedia Sollas, 1888 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Theneidae Gray, 1872 (basis of record)
Tisiphonia Thomson, 1869 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Tisiphonia annulata Carter, 1880 accepted as Annulastrella annulata (Carter, 1880) (basis of record)
Triptolemma Laubenfels, 1955 (basis of record)
Triptolemma intextum (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Triptolemma simplex (Sarà, 1959) (basis of record)
Triptolemus cladosus Sollas, 1888 accepted as Triptolemma cladosum (Sollas, 1888) (basis of record)
Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) Maldonado, 2002 accepted as Annulastrella Maldonado, 2002 (original description)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) annulata (Carter, 1880) accepted as Annulastrella annulata (Carter, 1880) (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) ornata (Sollas, 1888) accepted as Annulastrella ornata (Sollas, 1888) (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) schmidti Maldonado, 2002 accepted as Annulastrella schmidti Maldonado, 2002 (original description)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) verrucolosa (Pulitzer-Finali, 1983) accepted as Annulastrella verrucolosa (Pulitzer-Finali, 1983) (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Vulcanella) Sollas, 1886 accepted as Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Wyvillethomsonia Wright, 1870 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Yodomia Lebwohl, 1914 accepted as Characella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Acanthotriaena crypta Vacelet, Vasseur & Lévi, 1976 (basis of record)
Ancorella Lendenfeld, 1907 (basis of record)
Ancorella paulini Lendenfeld, 1907 (basis of record)
Ancorina pachastrelloides Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Characella connectens (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Annulastrella Maldonado, 2002 (original description)
Brachiaster Wilson, 1925 (basis of record)
Brachiaster simplex Wilson, 1925 (basis of record)
Calcabrina plicata (Schmidt, 1868) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) plicatus (Schmidt, 1868) (additional source)
Characella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Characella aspera Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Characella connectens (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Characella enae (de Laubenfels, 1934) (basis of record)
Characella pachastrelloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Characella stellettodes (Carter, 1885) (basis of record)
Chelotropaena Lendenfeld, 1907 accepted as Poecillastra Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Chelotropaena tenuirhabda Lendenfeld, 1907 accepted as Poecillastra tenuirhabda (Lendenfeld, 1907) (basis of record)
Cladothenea Koltun, 1964 (basis of record)
Cladothenea andriashevi Koltun, 1964 (basis of record)
Clavellomorpha Hansen, 1885 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Clavellomorpha minima Hansen, 1885 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Dercitancorina Topsent, 1902 accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Dercitancorina lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) (additional source)
Dercitus Gray, 1867 (additional source)
Dercitus bucklandi (Bowerbank, 1858) represented as Dercitus (Dercitus) bucklandi (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Dercitus occultus Hentschel, 1909 represented as Dercitus (Stoeba) occultus Hentschel, 1909 (basis of record)
Dercitus pauper Sollas, 1902 represented as Dercitus (Stoeba) pauper Sollas, 1902 (basis of record)
Dorvillia Kent, 1870 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Dorvillia agariciformis Kent, 1870 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Halina bucklandi Bowerbank, 1858 accepted as Dercitus (Dercitus) bucklandi (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Hymeniacidon placentula Bowerbank, 1874 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Neothenea de Laubenfels, 1934 accepted as Characella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Nethea Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Nethea amygdaloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Nethea nana (Carter, 1880) (basis of record)
Normania Bowerbank, 1869 accepted as Poecillastra Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Normania crassa Bowerbank, 1874 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Normania goliath Sollas, 1886 accepted as Characella aspera Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Normania schulzei Sollas, 1886 accepted as Poecillastra schulzei (Sollas, 1886) (basis of record)
Normania tenuilaminaris Sollas, 1886 accepted as Poecillastra tenuilaminaris (Sollas, 1886) (basis of record)
Pachastrella Schmidt, 1868 (basis of record)
Pachastrella abyssi Schmidt, 1870 (basis of record)
Pachastrella connectens Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Characella connectens (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Pachastrella exostitus accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (basis of record)
Pachastrella exostotica Schmidt, 1868 accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (additional source)
Pachastrella intextum Carter, 1876 accepted as Triptolemma intextum (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Pachastrella japonica Thiele, 1898 accepted as Poecillastra japonica (Thiele, 1898) (basis of record)
Pachastrella lesinensis Lendenfeld, 1894 accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) (basis of record)
Pachastrella monilifera Schmidt, 1868 (basis of record)
Pachastrella ovisternata Lendenfeld, 1894 (basis of record)
Pachastrella stellettodes Carter, 1885 accepted as Characella stellettodes (Carter, 1885) (basis of record)
Pachastrella stylifera Lendenfeld, 1897 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Pachastrella tenuipilosa Lendenfeld, 1907 accepted as Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Pachastrellidae Carter, 1875 (additional source)
Poecillastra Sollas, 1888 (basis of record)
Poecillastra amygdaloides (Carter, 1876) accepted as Nethea amygdaloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Poecillastra compressa (Bowerbank, 1866) (basis of record)
Poecillastra cribraria Wilson, 1904 (basis of record)
Poecillastra eccentrica Dendy & Burton, 1926 (additional source)
Poecillastra schulzii (Sollas, 1886) accepted as Poecillastra schulzei (Sollas, 1886) (additional source)
Sphincterella Laubenfels, 1936 accepted as Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Sphinctrella Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Sphinctrella horrida Schmidt, 1870 accepted as Vulcanella horrida (Schmidt, 1870) (basis of record)
Sphinctrella verrucolosa Pulitzer-Finali, 1983 accepted as Annulastrella verrucolosa (Pulitzer-Finali, 1983) (basis of record)
Stelletta pachastrelloides Carter, 1876 accepted as Characella pachastrelloides (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Stellettinopsis annulata Schmidt, 1880 accepted as Annulastrella schmidti Maldonado, 2002 (basis of record)
Stoeba Sollas, 1888 accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) Sollas, 1888 (additional source)
Stoeba dissimilis (Sarà, 1959) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) dissimilis (Sarà, 1959) (basis of record)
Stoeba exostitus accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (basis of record)
Stoeba exostotica (Schmidt, 1868) accepted as Dercitus (Halinastra) exostoticus (Schmidt, 1868) (basis of record)
Stoeba lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) lesinensis (Lendenfeld, 1894) (basis of record)
Stoeba loricata (Lebwohl, 1914) accepted as Pachastrella loricata (Lebwohl, 1914) (basis of record)
Stoeba simplex (Carter, 1880) accepted as Dercitus (Stoeba) simplex (Carter, 1880) (additional source)
Tethea muricata Bowerbank, 1858 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Thenea intermedia Sollas, 1888 accepted as Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Thenea muricata (Bowerbank, 1858) (basis of record)
Theneidae Gray, 1872 (basis of record)
Tisiphonia Thomson, 1869 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Tisiphonia annulata Carter, 1880 accepted as Annulastrella annulata (Carter, 1880) (basis of record)
Triptolemma Laubenfels, 1955 (basis of record)
Triptolemma intextum (Carter, 1876) (basis of record)
Triptolemma simplex (Sarà, 1959) (basis of record)
Triptolemus cladosus Sollas, 1888 accepted as Triptolemma cladosum (Sollas, 1888) (basis of record)
Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) Maldonado, 2002 accepted as Annulastrella Maldonado, 2002 (original description)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) annulata (Carter, 1880) accepted as Annulastrella annulata (Carter, 1880) (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) ornata (Sollas, 1888) accepted as Annulastrella ornata (Sollas, 1888) (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) schmidti Maldonado, 2002 accepted as Annulastrella schmidti Maldonado, 2002 (original description)
Vulcanella (Annulastrella) verrucolosa (Pulitzer-Finali, 1983) accepted as Annulastrella verrucolosa (Pulitzer-Finali, 1983) (basis of record)
Vulcanella (Vulcanella) Sollas, 1886 accepted as Vulcanella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
Wyvillethomsonia Wright, 1870 accepted as Thenea Gray, 1867 (basis of record)
Yodomia Lebwohl, 1914 accepted as Characella Sollas, 1886 (basis of record)
