WoRMS source details
Stillitani, D.; Ereskovsky, A.V.; Pérez, T.; Ruiz, C.; Laport, M.S.; Puccinelli, G.; Hardoim, C.C.P.; Willenz, P.; Muricy, G. (2022). Solving a taxonomic puzzle: integrative taxonomy reveals new cryptic and polymorphic species of Oscarella in south-eastern Brazil (Homoscleromorpha : Oscarellidae). Invertebrate Systematics. 36(8): 714–750.
435720
Stillitani, D.; Ereskovsky, A.V.; Pérez, T.; Ruiz, C.; Laport, M.S.; Puccinelli, G.; Hardoim, C.C.P.; Willenz, P.; Muricy, G.
2022
Solving a taxonomic puzzle: integrative taxonomy reveals new cryptic and polymorphic species of <i>Oscarella</i> in south-eastern Brazil (Homoscleromorpha : Oscarellidae)
Invertebrate Systematics
36(8): 714–750
Publication
Available for editors [request]
The sponge genus Oscarella is very important for the understanding of the early evolution of Metazoa,but the identification of its species is particularly difficult due to the absence of a skeleton and high polymorphism, leading to an underestimate of its diversity. The discovery of nine distinct morphotypes of Oscarella co-existing in cryptic habitats in south-east Brazil represents a taxonomic puzzle that requires an integrative taxonomic approach for species delimitation. Here we combined genetic (cox-1 and cob genes), morphological, anatomical, cytological, microbiological, reproductive and ecological datasets to delimit and describe three new species of Oscarella, one of which is highly polymorphic. Oscarella aurantia, sp. nov. is orange, microlobate, with metachromatic vacuolar cells, granular cells, and microgranular cells. Oscarella carollineae, sp. nov. is intertidal, cream or red, microlobate, with granulo-vacuolar cells, dense globular cells, and granular cells. Oscarella ruthae, sp. nov. is highly polymorphic, with tubular or papillate lobes; colour violet, pink, purple, red, orange or cream, often with shades of cream or green at the base; abundant clusters of vacuolar cells type 1, and rare vacuolar cells type 2 and microgranular cells. No single character was sufficient for species delimitation due to high intraspecific variation. Integration of multiple datasets was essential to delimit species of Oscarella and would also be helpful for the taxonomy of other polymorphic sponges.
South West Atlantic ( =only warm temperate; cold temperate see *SUB)
Systematics, Taxonomy
Date
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Oscarella aurantia Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022 (original description)
Oscarella carollineae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022 (original description)
Oscarella ruthae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022 (original description)
Oscarella carollineae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022 (original description)
Oscarella ruthae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022 (original description)
Southeastern Brazil for Oscarella aurantia Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Southeastern Brazil for Oscarella carollineae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Southeastern Brazil for Oscarella ruthae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Southeastern Brazil for Oscarella carollineae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Southeastern Brazil for Oscarella ruthae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Holotype MNRJ 20364, geounit Southeastern Brazil, identified as Oscarella carollineae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Holotype MNRJ 20830, geounit Southeastern Brazil, identified as Oscarella aurantia Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Holotype MNRJ 20937, geounit Southeastern Brazil, identified as Oscarella ruthae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Holotype MNRJ 20830, geounit Southeastern Brazil, identified as Oscarella aurantia Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022
Holotype MNRJ 20937, geounit Southeastern Brazil, identified as Oscarella ruthae Stillitani, Ereskovsky, Pérez, Ruiz, Laport, Puccinelli, Hardoim, Willenz & Muricy, 2022