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Glasby, C.J. (1999). The Namanereidinae (Polychaeta: Nereididae). Part 1. Taxonomy and phylogeny. Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement. 25: 1-129.
49975
10.3853/j.0812-7387.25.1999.1354 [view]
Glasby, C.J.
1999
The Namanereidinae (Polychaeta: Nereididae). Part 1. Taxonomy and phylogeny
Records of the Australian Museum, Supplement
25: 1-129
Publication
World Polychaeta Database (WPolyDb)
A cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the Namanereidinae (Nereididae: Polychaeta) is presented. The cladistic analysis utilising 39 morphological characters (76 apomorphic states) yielded 10,000 minimal-length trees and a highly unresolved Strict Consensus tree. However, monophyly of the Namanereidinae is supported and two clades are identified: Namalycastis containing 18 species and Namanereis containing 15 species. The monospecific genus Lycastoides, represented by L. alticola Johnson, is too poorly known to be included in the analysis. Classification of the subfamily is modified to reflect the phylogeny. Thus, Namalycastis includes large-bodied species having four pairs of tentacular cirri; autapomorphies include the presence of short, subconical antennae and enlarged, flattened and leaf-like posterior cirrophores. Namanereis includes smaller-bodied species having three or four pairs of tentacular cirri; autapomorphies include the absence of dorsal cirrophores, absence of notosetae and a tripartite pygidium. Cryptonereis Gibbs, Lycastella Feuerborn, Lycastilla Solís-Weiss & Espinasa and Lycastopsis Augener become junior synonyms of Namanereis. Thirty-six species are described, including seven new species of Namalycastis (N. arista n.sp., N. borealis n.sp., N. elobeyensis n.sp., N. intermedia n.sp., N. macroplatis n.sp., N. multiseta n.sp., N. nicoleae n.sp.), four new species of Namanereis (N. minuta n.sp., N. serratis n.sp., N. stocki n.sp., N. sublittoralis n.sp.), and three widespread species groups (Namalycastis abiuma, Namanereis littoralis, N. quadraticeps). Fourteen species are newly placed into synonymy, Lycastis maxillo-falciformis Harms, L. maxillo-ovata Harms, L. maxillo-robusta Harms, Lycastis meraukensis Horst, L. nipae Pflugfelder, L. ouanaryensis Gravier, L. ranauensis Feuerborn, L. vivax Pflugfelder, Lycastopsis augeneri Okuda, L. tecolutlensis Rioja, Namalycastis rigida Pillai, N. tachinensis Rosenfeldt, N. vuwaensis Ryan, and Namanereis littoralis Hutchings & Turvey. A neotype is designated for Namalycastis hawaiiensis (Johnson), and lectotypes are designated for Namalycastis geayi (Gravier), N. senegalensis (Saint-Joseph), N. terrestris (Pflugfelder), Namanereis amboinensis (Pflugfelder) and N. littoralis (Grube). Keys to genera and species are given. Namanereidinae are generally confined to the tropics and subtropics. Maximum species-diversity occurs in the Caribbean and Indo-Pacific, in particular in coastal areas subjected to recent uplifting, where both littoral-zone and freshwater (riparian and subterranean) forms occur. Phylogenetic results indicate that in both Namalycastis and Namanereis there is a preference for freshwater habitats among species with apomorphic traits (corollary being that marine habitats are favoured by the plesiomorphic members). This suggests that the ancestor of the Namanereidinae was a euryhaline coastal species.
Systematics, Taxonomy
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Gil, João

Cryptonereis Gibbs, 1971 accepted as Namanereis Chamberlin, 1919 (source of synonymy)
Cryptonereis malaitae Gibbs, 1971 accepted as Namanereis malaitae (Gibbs, 1971) (new combination reference)
Lycastilla Solís-Weiss & Espinasa, 1991 accepted as Namanereis Chamberlin, 1919 (source of synonymy)
Lycastilla cavernicola Solís-Weiss & Espinasa, 1991 accepted as Namanereis cavernicola (Solís-Weiss & Espinasa, 1991) (new combination reference)
Lycastis brevicornis Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833 accepted as Namalycastis brevicornis (Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833) (source of synonymy)
Lycastis geayi Gravier, 1901 accepted as Namalycastis geayi (Gravier, 1901) (new combination reference)
Lycastis ranauensis Feuerborn, 1931 accepted as Namalycastis hawaiiensis (Johnson, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Lycastoides Johnson, 1903 (status source)
Lycastoides Jakubova, 1930 accepted as Namanereis Chamberlin, 1919 (source of synonymy)
Lycastoides alticola Johnson, 1903 (redescription)
Lycastopsis Augener, 1922 accepted as Namanereis Chamberlin, 1919 (status source)
Lycastopsis beumeri Augener, 1922 accepted as Namanereis littoralis (Grube, 1872) (status source)
Lycastopsis pontica (Bobretzky, 1872) accepted as Namanereis pontica (Bobretzky, 1872) (status source)
Lycastopsis riojai Bastida-Zavala, 1990 accepted as Namanereis riojai (Bastida-Zavala, 1990) (new combination reference)
Lycastopsis tecolutlensis Rioja, 1946 accepted as Namanereis amboinensis (Pflugfelder, 1933) (source of synonymy)
Namalycastis Hartman, 1959 (redescription)
Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namalycastis brevicornis (Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833) (redescription)
Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981 (redescription)
Namalycastis geayi (Gravier, 1901) (basis of record)
Namalycastis hawaiiensis (Johnson, 1903) (taxonomy source)
Namalycastis intermedia Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namalycastis kartaboensis (Treadwell, 1926) (new combination reference)
Namalycastis macroplatis Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namalycastis meraukensis (Horst, 1918) (redescription)
Namalycastis multiseta Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namalycastis nicoleae Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namalycastis ouanaryensis (Gravier, 1901) accepted as Namalycastis senegalensis (Saint-Joseph, 1901) (source of synonymy)
Namalycastis ranauensis (Feuerborn, 1931) accepted as Namalycastis hawaiiensis (Johnson, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Namalycastis siolii (Corrêa, 1948) (additional source)
Namalycastis tachinensis Rosenfeldt, 1984 accepted as Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981 (source of synonymy)
Namalycastis terrestris (Pflugfelder, 1933) (basis of record)
Namalycastis tiriteae Winterbourn, 1969 accepted as Namanereis tiriteae (Winterbourn, 1969) (new combination reference)
Namalycastis vuwaensis Ryan, 1980 accepted as Namanereis tiriteae (Winterbourn, 1969) (source of synonymy)
Namanereidinae Hartman, 1959 (additional source)
Namanereis Chamberlin, 1919 (taxonomy source)
Namanereis amboinensis (Pflugfelder, 1933) (basis of record)
Namanereis augeneri (Okuda, 1937) (additional source)
Namanereis beroni Hartmann-Schröder & Marinov, 1977 (additional source)
Namanereis catarractarum (Feuerborn, 1931) (redescription)
Namanereis cavernicola (Solís-Weiss & Espinasa, 1991) (new combination reference)
Namanereis hummelincki (Augener, 1933) (redescription)
Namanereis kartaboensis Treadwell, 1926 accepted as Namalycastis kartaboensis (Treadwell, 1926) (new combination reference)
Namanereis littoralis Hutchings & Turvey, 1982 (status source)
Namanereis malaitae (Gibbs, 1971) (redescription)
Namanereis minuta Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namanereis quadraticeps (Blanchard in Gay, 1849) (redescription)
Namanereis riojai (Bastida-Zavala, 1990) (basis of record)
Namanereis serratis Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namanereis stocki Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namanereis sublittoralis Glasby, 1999 (original description)
Namanereis tiriteae (Winterbourn, 1969) (redescription)
Bahamas Exclusive Economic Zone for Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999 
Caribbean Sea for Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999 
Nontype Private 1552 EBS/ZSI/BERHAMPUR, geounit India, identified as Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981
Holotype NHMUK 1998.190, geounit Guyana, identified as Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999
Paratype NHMUK 1998.191-192, geounit Guyana, identified as Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999
Holotype USNM 52926, geounit North Carolina, identified as Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999
Nontype PMBC 7244, geounit Thailand, identified as Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981
Holotype AMNH 3542, geounit Guyana, identified as Namanereis kartaboensis Treadwell, 1926
Neotype ZMH HMZ P19668, geounit Java, identified as Lycastopsis catarractarum Feuerborn, 1931
Topotype ZMH HMZ V11934, verbatimGeounit Wadi Kuala, Lake Ran..., identified as Lycastis ranauensis Feuerborn, 1931
Syntype ZMH HZM V11930a, geounit Bonaire, identified as Lycastopsis hummelincki Augener, 1933
Paratype ZMH P-22042, geounit Elobey Islands, identified as Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999
Holotype ZMH V-937, geounit Elobey Islands, identified as Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999
Neotype AM W20261, geounit Oahu Island, identified as Namalycastis hawaiiensis (Johnson, 1903)
 Altitude
 for Namanereis tiriteae (Winterbourn, 1969)

Up to 76 m above sea level in New Zealand, and up to 700 m in Fiji. [details]
 Contributed data: Published
 for Namanereis riojai (Bastida-Zavala, 1990)

Intertidal. [details]
 Depth range
 for Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999

Tidal zone.  [details]
 Depth range
 for Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999

Intertidal.  [details]
 Depth range
 for Namalycastis brevicornis (Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833)

Not stated, by probably shallow water.  [details]
 Depth range
 for Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999

Unknown.  [details]
 Depth range
 for Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981

Shallow water and near the waters edge.  [details]
 Depth range
 for Namalycastis siolii (Corrêa, 1948)

10-28 m. [details]
 Depth range
 for Namanereis littoralis Hutchings & Turvey, 1982

Often in the supralittoral zone, to 4 m depth. [details]
 Depth range
 for Namanereis malaitae (Gibbs, 1971)

Intertidal. [details]
 Diagnosis
 for Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999

Prostomium anteriorly shallowly cleft, shape 1.2 × wider than long (1.3–1.4). Antennae extending short of tip of ... [details]
 Distribution
 for Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999

West Atlantic: Paradise Beach, Guyana. Known only from the type locality.  [details]
 Distribution
 for Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999

Atlantic coast of the USA: from North Carolina (Beaufort) to Florida. Bahamas. Gulf of Mexico (Florida, ... [details]
 Distribution
 for Namalycastis brevicornis (Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833)

Atlantic coast of France (Noirmoutier). Southwestern Atlantic: French Guiana; Brazil.  [details]
 Distribution
 for Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999

West Africa: Equatorial Guinea, Elobey Islands. Known only from the type locality.  [details]
 Distribution
 for Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981

Bay of Bengal: Baitarani River and Chilika Lake (Odisha, India). Gulf of Thailand: Tha Chin River and Songkhla Lake ... [details]
 Distribution
 for Namalycastis siolii (Corrêa, 1948)

Brazil: Tapajós River (Amazon region, State of Pará). [details]
 Distribution
 for Namalycastis terrestris (Pflugfelder, 1933)

SE Asia: Belawan (Sumatra, Indonesia); ?Java (Indonesia); Phuoc Dienha (Vietnam). [details]
 Distribution
 for Namanereis cavernicola (Solís-Weiss & Espinasa, 1991)

Central America: Mexico (Isote Cave, Guerrero State) [details]
 Distribution
 for Namanereis malaitae (Gibbs, 1971)

Alite Harbour, Malaita Island, Solomon Islands (Pacific Ocean). Known only from the type locality. [details]
 Distribution
 for Namanereis riojai (Bastida-Zavala, 1990)

Gulf of California: La Paz Bay and Los Angeles Bay (Baja California Sur, Mexico). [details]
 Distribution
 for Namanereis tiriteae (Winterbourn, 1969)

New Zealand: North Island (Tiritea Stream, near Palmerston North; Mangatainoka River; several streams in the Hawkes ... [details]
 Etymology
 for Lycastis abiuma Grube, 1872

Unknown. The etymology of the species was not explained by Grube (1872), and Glasby (1999) was unable to determine it.  [details]
 Etymology
 for Lycastoides alticola Johnson, 1903

The specific epithet alticola is presumably composed by the Latin adjective altus, meaning 'high', followed by the ... [details]
 Etymology
 for Lycastopsis hummelincki Augener, 1933

Augener named the species in honour of P. Wagenaar Hummelinck, who was leader of the 1930 Dutch Zoological ... [details]
 Etymology
 for Namalycastis Hartman, 1959

The generic name was stated to be composed of the Greek word Nama, meaning 'spring' or 'stream', and the name of ... [details]
 Etymology
 for Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999

The specific epithet arista is a Latin noun meaning 'beard' or 'grain of awn', and refers to the single hair-like ... [details]
 Etymology
 for Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999

The specific epithet borealis, Latin adjective meaning 'northern', refers to the more northerly distribution of the ... [details]
 Etymology
 for Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999

The specific epithet elobeyensis refers to the type locality of the species, Elobey Islands.  [details]
 Etymology
 for Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981

The species is dedicated to the French zoologist and polychaetologist Dr. Pierre Louis André Fauvel (b. Cherbourg, ... [details]
 Habitat
 for Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999

Mud in the tidal zone.  [details]
 Habitat
 for Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999

Found intertidally from muddy sand and shell fragments. The species is commonly found associated with decaying ... [details]
 Habitat
 for Namalycastis brevicornis (Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833)

Type habitat given only as the coast of Noirmoutier (France). According to Glasby (1999) the island presents today ... [details]
 Habitat
 for Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999

Unknown.  [details]
 Habitat
 for Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981

The types were collected on a beach of the Baitarani River (India), while other specimens were collected in the ... [details]
 Habitat
 for Namalycastis siolii (Corrêa, 1948)

Freshwater river, in 10-28 m depth. [details]
 Habitat
 for Namalycastis terrestris (Pflugfelder, 1933)

In Indonesia, found in the upper littoral zone, reached only by the highest tides, in galleries in fine grey-brown ... [details]
 Habitat
 for Namanereis cavernicola (Solís-Weiss & Espinasa, 1991)

Type material (Guerrero State, Mexico) from a freshwater pool in a limestone cave at 1650 metres above sea level, ... [details]
 Habitat
 for Namanereis malaitae (Gibbs, 1971)

Found between the fibres composing a leaf frond of a coconut palm found stranded at about mid-tide level. [details]
 Habitat
 for Namanereis riojai (Bastida-Zavala, 1990)

Intertidal, on an unknown sediment, and also from a kelp bed, from an unknown depth.  [details]
 Habitat
 for Namanereis tiriteae (Winterbourn, 1969)

Type habitat is a freshwater stream 76 m above sea level, about 80 km from the sea following the river, in ... [details]
 Homonymy
 for Namanereis littoralis Hutchings & Turvey, 1982

Namanereis littoralis Hutchings & Turvey, 1982 is a secondary junior homonym of Namanereis littoralis Grube, 1872. ... [details]
 Human impact
 for Namalycastis vuwaensis Ryan, 1980

From Glasby (1999: 114): ''The Fijian specimens were all collected in 1979 (Ryan, 1980), prior to the completion of ... [details]
 Publication date
 for Lycastis ranauensis Feuerborn, 1931

Glasby (1999) uses 1931 as the date for Feuerborn. That is the volume date and the date Feuerborn used in 1936, ... [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Lycastis brevicornis Audouin & Milne Edwards, 1833

Moved to different genus (Namalycastis). [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Lycastis terrestris Pflugfelder, 1933

Moved to different genus. [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Lycastopsis beumeri Augener, 1922

Glasby (1999) considered Lycastopsis beumeri as a belonging to the Namanereis littoralis species group (p 91); ... [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Namalycastis meraukensis (Horst, 1918)

Namalycastis meraukensis is considered as belonging to the Namalycastis abiuma species group sensu Glasby, 1999  [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Namalycastis nipae (Pflugfelder, 1933)

Namalycastis nipae is considered as belonging to the Namalycastis abiuma species group sensu Glasby, 1999 [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Namalycastis rigida Pillai, 1965

Namalycastis rigida is considered as belonging to the Namalycastis abiuma species group sensu Glasby, 1999 [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Namalycastis vivax (Pflugfelder, 1933)

Namalycastis vivax is considered as belonging to the Namalycastis abiuma species group sensu Glasby, 1999 [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Namanereis augeneri (Okuda, 1937)

Glasby (1999) considered Namanereis augeneri as a belonging to the Namanereis littoralis species group [details]
 Taxonomy
 for Namanereis littoralis Hutchings & Turvey, 1982

Namanereis littoralis Hutchings & Turvey, 1982 was considered to be part of Namanereis quadraticeps species group ... [details]
 Type locality
 for Lycastis ranauensis Feuerborn, 1931

Wadi Kuala, Lake Ranau (or Ranauab River), Sumatra, Indonesia, probably (gazetteer) near -4.8128 103.9204 [details]
 Type locality
 for Namalycastis arista Glasby, 1999

West Atlantic, Guyana, Paradise Beach (provided geocoordinates 15º34'N, 57º57'W are not correct; estimated ... [details]
 Type locality
 for Namalycastis borealis Glasby, 1999

Atlantic coast of the USA, North Carolina, Beaufort, Pivers Island, near fishing pier, intertidal, muddy sand and ... [details]
 Type locality
 for Namalycastis elobeyensis Glasby, 1999

West Africa, Equatorial Guinea (''Spanisch-Guinea''), Corisco Bay, Elobey Grande Island (''Insel Eloby'') ... [details]
 Type locality
 for Namalycastis fauveli Nageswara Rao, 1981

Indian Ocean, India, Odisha (= Orissa), Bytarani (= Baitarani) River, Haripur, Chandbali (= Chandabali) ... [details]
 Type locality
 for Namanereis kartaboensis Treadwell, 1926

Freshwater at Kartabu Point, Essequibo River, Guyana, South America, 6.3833° -58.6833° [details]
 Type material
 for Namalycastis vuwaensis Ryan, 1980

From Glasby (1999: 113): ''The holotype of N. vuwaensis is according to Ryan (1980) deposited at the NMNZ ... [details]

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