WoRMS source details
Hartman, Olga. (1944). Polychaetous Annelids. Part V. Eunicea. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions. 10(1): 1-237.
50177
Hartman, Olga
1944
Polychaetous Annelids. Part V. Eunicea
Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions
10(1): 1-237.
Publication
AnnelidaBase. Publication date: "August, 1944"
[None. Starts:]
The superfamily Eunicea (herein considered to include six families, p. 2) comprises one of the most diversified yet most closely allied among the numerous families of the order Polychaeta. More than any other group, save perhaps the elytral-bearing chaetopods including the polynoids and their relatives, they are related to one another by characters of unique distinction. These, however, are largely internal, some of the most significant being in the proboscidial armature. Externally the Eunicea differ from one another so widely that their affinities might not be surmised, as, for example, among species of the genera Diopatra and Lumbrineris.
The distinguished Scottish zoologist, W. C. McIntosh (1910, pp. 343-352), has given a summarized account of the extensive studies devoted to this superfamily. Some of the earliest accounts were made by several renowned French scientists, including Savigny (1809), who erected the family and several genera; Blainville (1825 and 1828), whose classification was more detailed but based on unnatural affinities (placing genera from widely related families in the same category); and Audouin and M. Edwards (1834), who divided the group into 2 great divisions, the abranchiate and the branchiate. This last-named plan was later followed by Johnston (1865), Quatrefages (1865), and others.
The superfamily Eunicea (herein considered to include six families, p. 2) comprises one of the most diversified yet most closely allied among the numerous families of the order Polychaeta. More than any other group, save perhaps the elytral-bearing chaetopods including the polynoids and their relatives, they are related to one another by characters of unique distinction. These, however, are largely internal, some of the most significant being in the proboscidial armature. Externally the Eunicea differ from one another so widely that their affinities might not be surmised, as, for example, among species of the genera Diopatra and Lumbrineris.
The distinguished Scottish zoologist, W. C. McIntosh (1910, pp. 343-352), has given a summarized account of the extensive studies devoted to this superfamily. Some of the earliest accounts were made by several renowned French scientists, including Savigny (1809), who erected the family and several genera; Blainville (1825 and 1828), whose classification was more detailed but based on unnatural affinities (placing genera from widely related families in the same category); and Audouin and M. Edwards (1834), who divided the group into 2 great divisions, the abranchiate and the branchiate. This last-named plan was later followed by Johnston (1865), Quatrefages (1865), and others.
America, Central
America, North
Eastern Pacific warm temperate to tropical
America, North
Eastern Pacific warm temperate to tropical
Systematics, Taxonomy
Arabella attenuata Treadwell, 1906 accepted as Notocirrus attenuatus (Treadwell, 1906) (source of synonymy)
Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (additional source)
Arabella lagunae Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (source of synonymy)
Arabella semimaculata (Moore, 1911) (additional source)
Arabellidae Hartman, 1944 accepted as Oenonidae Kinberg, 1865 (original description)
Aracoda semimaculata Moore, 1911 accepted as Arabella semimaculata (Moore, 1911) (source of synonymy)
Diopatra californica Moore, 1904 accepted as Diopatra splendidissima Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Diopatra cuprea (Bosc, 1802) (additional source)
Diopatra neotridens Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Diopatra obliqua Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Diopatra spiribranchis Augener, 1906 accepted as Diopatra cuprea (Bosc, 1802) (source of synonymy)
Diopatra splendidissima Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Diopatra tridentata Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855) (additional source)
Eunice (Eriphyle) paloloides Moore, 1909 accepted as Palola paloloides (Moore, 1909) (source of synonymy)
Eunice americana Hartman, 1944 accepted as Leodice americana (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Eunice antennata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) accepted as Leodice antennata Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 (source of synonymy)
Eunice cirrobranchiata McIntosh, 1885 (source of synonymy)
Eunice ebranchiata Quatrefages, 1866 accepted as Palola ebranchiata (Quatrefages, 1866) (source of synonymy)
Eunice filamentosa Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1856 (source of synonymy)
Eunice schemacephala Schmarda, 1861 (additional source)
Eunicea (basis of record)
Labidognathus forcipes Hartman, 1944 accepted as Drilonereis forcipes (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Leodice afuerensis (Hartman, 1944) (additional source)
Leodice enteles Chamberlin, 1918 (additional source)
Lumbriconereis abyssorum McIntosh, 1885 accepted as Abyssoninoe abyssorum (McIntosh, 1885) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis atlantica Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Scoletoma atlantica (Kinberg, 1865) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis bifilaris Ehlers, 1901 accepted as Lumbrineris bifilaris Ehlers, 1901 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis brasiliensis Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris januarii Grube, 1878 accepted as Lumbricalus januarii (Grube, 1878) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis brasiliensis Grube, 1857 accepted as Lumbrineris brasiliensis Grube, 1857 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis chilensis Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris chilensis Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis cingulata Ehlers, 1897 accepted as Lumbrineris cingulata Ehlers, 1897 (status source)
Lumbriconereis erecta Moore, 1904 accepted as Scoletoma erecta (Moore, 1904) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis oceanica Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris oceanica Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis sarsi Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris sarsi Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrinereis acicularum Webster & Benedict, 1887 accepted as Scoletoma acicularum (Webster & Benedict, 1887) (additional source)
Lumbrinereis candida Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Lumbrineris candida Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Scoletoma candida (Treadwell, 1921) (source of synonymy)
Lumbrinereis hebes Verrill, 1879 accepted as Scoletoma hebes (Verrill, 1879) (status source)
Lumbrinereis nuchalis Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Lumbrineris nuchalis Treadwell, 1921 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris abyssorum (McIntosh, 1885) accepted as Abyssoninoe abyssorum (McIntosh, 1885) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris atlantica (Kinberg, 1865) accepted as Scoletoma atlantica (Kinberg, 1865) (additional source)
Lumbrineris bassi Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris bicirrata Treadwell, 1929 accepted as Eranno bicirrata (Treadwell, 1929) (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris bifilaris Ehlers, 1901 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris brasiliensis Grube, 1857 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris californiensis Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris candida Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Scoletoma candida (Treadwell, 1921) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris chilensis Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris cingulata Ehlers, 1897 (additional source)
Lumbrineris cruzensis Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris erecta (Moore, 1904) accepted as Scoletoma erecta (Moore, 1904) (taxonomy source)
Lumbrineris fragilis (O.F. Müller, 1776) accepted as Scoletoma fragilis (O.F. Müller, 1776) (additional source)
Lumbrineris hebes Verrill, 1879 accepted as Scoletoma hebes (Verrill, 1879) (additional source)
Lumbrineris index Moore, 1911 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris januarii Grube, 1878 accepted as Lumbricalus januarii (Grube, 1878) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris japonica index Moore, 1911 accepted as Lumbrineris index Moore, 1911 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris latreilli japonica Marenzeller, 1879 accepted as Lumbrineris japonica Marenzeller, 1879 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris limicola Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865 (additional source)
Lumbrineris minima Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris nuchalis Treadwell, 1921 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris oceanica Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris pallida Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris sarsi Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris simplex Hartman, 1944 accepted as Lumbrineris simplicis Hartman, 1959 (original description)
Lumbrineris simplex Southern, 1921 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris simplex Hartman, 1944 accepted as Lumbrineris simplicis Hartman, 1959 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris sphaerocephala (Schmarda, 1861) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris tetraura (Schmarda, 1861) accepted as Scoletoma tetraura (Schmarda, 1861) (additional source)
Marphysa Quatrefages, 1866 (taxonomy source)
Marphysa californica Moore, 1909 (taxonomy source)
Marphysa mossambica (Peters, 1854) (source of synonymy)
Marphysa sanguinea (Montagu, 1813) (additional source)
Northia geophiliformis Moore, 1903 accepted as Nothria geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) accepted as Onuphis geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nothria elegans (Johnson, 1901) accepted as Onuphis elegans (Johnson, 1901) (source of synonymy)
Nothria geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) accepted as Onuphis geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) (additional source)
Nothria stigmatis (Treadwell, 1922) accepted as Mooreonuphis stigmatis (Treadwell, 1922) (source of synonymy)
Nothria stigmatis cirrata Hartman, 1944 accepted as Mooreonuphis cirrata (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Nothria stigmatis intermedia Hartman, 1944 accepted as Onuphis (Nothria) veleronis Fauchald, 1980 accepted as Mooreonuphis veleronis (Fauchald, 1980) (original description)
Nothria stigmatis paradiopatra Hartman, 1944 accepted as Kinbergonuphis paradiopatra (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Notocirrus attenuatus (Treadwell, 1906) (basis of record)
Notocirrus californiensis Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Notocirrus margaraticeus Quatrefages, 1866 accepted as Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (source of synonymy)
Notocirrus margaritaceus [auct. misspelling for 'margaraticeus'] accepted as Notocirrus margaraticeus Quatrefages, 1866 accepted as Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (additional source)
Notocirrus sphaerocephalus Schmarda, 1861 accepted as Lumbrineris sphaerocephala (Schmarda, 1861) (status source)
Notocirrus tetraurus Schmarda, 1861 accepted as Scoletoma tetraura (Schmarda, 1861) (source of synonymy)
Onuphis microcephala Hartman, 1944 accepted as Kinbergonuphis microcephala (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Onuphis peruana Hartman, 1944 accepted as Mooreonuphis peruana (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Palola paloloides (Moore, 1909) (basis of record)
Palola siciliensis (Grube, 1840) (additional source)
Palolo pallidus Hartman, 1938 accepted as Palolo paloloides (Moore, 1909) accepted as Palola paloloides (Moore, 1909) (source of synonymy)
Staurocephalus erucaeformis Malmgren, 1865 accepted as Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855) (source of synonymy)
Staurocephalus rubrovittatus Grube, 1855 accepted as Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855) (source of synonymy)
Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (additional source)
Arabella lagunae Chamberlin, 1919 accepted as Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (source of synonymy)
Arabella semimaculata (Moore, 1911) (additional source)
Arabellidae Hartman, 1944 accepted as Oenonidae Kinberg, 1865 (original description)
Aracoda semimaculata Moore, 1911 accepted as Arabella semimaculata (Moore, 1911) (source of synonymy)
Diopatra californica Moore, 1904 accepted as Diopatra splendidissima Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Diopatra cuprea (Bosc, 1802) (additional source)
Diopatra neotridens Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Diopatra obliqua Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Diopatra spiribranchis Augener, 1906 accepted as Diopatra cuprea (Bosc, 1802) (source of synonymy)
Diopatra splendidissima Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Diopatra tridentata Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855) (additional source)
Eunice (Eriphyle) paloloides Moore, 1909 accepted as Palola paloloides (Moore, 1909) (source of synonymy)
Eunice americana Hartman, 1944 accepted as Leodice americana (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Eunice antennata (Savigny in Lamarck, 1818) accepted as Leodice antennata Savigny in Lamarck, 1818 (source of synonymy)
Eunice cirrobranchiata McIntosh, 1885 (source of synonymy)
Eunice ebranchiata Quatrefages, 1866 accepted as Palola ebranchiata (Quatrefages, 1866) (source of synonymy)
Eunice filamentosa Grube & Örsted in Grube, 1856 (source of synonymy)
Eunice schemacephala Schmarda, 1861 (additional source)
Eunicea (basis of record)
Labidognathus forcipes Hartman, 1944 accepted as Drilonereis forcipes (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Leodice afuerensis (Hartman, 1944) (additional source)
Leodice enteles Chamberlin, 1918 (additional source)
Lumbriconereis abyssorum McIntosh, 1885 accepted as Abyssoninoe abyssorum (McIntosh, 1885) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis atlantica Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Scoletoma atlantica (Kinberg, 1865) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis bifilaris Ehlers, 1901 accepted as Lumbrineris bifilaris Ehlers, 1901 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis brasiliensis Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris januarii Grube, 1878 accepted as Lumbricalus januarii (Grube, 1878) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis brasiliensis Grube, 1857 accepted as Lumbrineris brasiliensis Grube, 1857 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis chilensis Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris chilensis Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis cingulata Ehlers, 1897 accepted as Lumbrineris cingulata Ehlers, 1897 (status source)
Lumbriconereis erecta Moore, 1904 accepted as Scoletoma erecta (Moore, 1904) (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis oceanica Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris oceanica Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbriconereis sarsi Kinberg, 1865 accepted as Lumbrineris sarsi Kinberg, 1865 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrinereis acicularum Webster & Benedict, 1887 accepted as Scoletoma acicularum (Webster & Benedict, 1887) (additional source)
Lumbrinereis candida Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Lumbrineris candida Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Scoletoma candida (Treadwell, 1921) (source of synonymy)
Lumbrinereis hebes Verrill, 1879 accepted as Scoletoma hebes (Verrill, 1879) (status source)
Lumbrinereis nuchalis Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Lumbrineris nuchalis Treadwell, 1921 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris abyssorum (McIntosh, 1885) accepted as Abyssoninoe abyssorum (McIntosh, 1885) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris atlantica (Kinberg, 1865) accepted as Scoletoma atlantica (Kinberg, 1865) (additional source)
Lumbrineris bassi Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris bicirrata Treadwell, 1929 accepted as Eranno bicirrata (Treadwell, 1929) (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris bifilaris Ehlers, 1901 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris brasiliensis Grube, 1857 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris californiensis Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris candida Treadwell, 1921 accepted as Scoletoma candida (Treadwell, 1921) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris chilensis Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris cingulata Ehlers, 1897 (additional source)
Lumbrineris cruzensis Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris erecta (Moore, 1904) accepted as Scoletoma erecta (Moore, 1904) (taxonomy source)
Lumbrineris fragilis (O.F. Müller, 1776) accepted as Scoletoma fragilis (O.F. Müller, 1776) (additional source)
Lumbrineris hebes Verrill, 1879 accepted as Scoletoma hebes (Verrill, 1879) (additional source)
Lumbrineris index Moore, 1911 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris januarii Grube, 1878 accepted as Lumbricalus januarii (Grube, 1878) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris japonica index Moore, 1911 accepted as Lumbrineris index Moore, 1911 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris latreilli japonica Marenzeller, 1879 accepted as Lumbrineris japonica Marenzeller, 1879 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris limicola Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris magalhaensis Kinberg, 1865 (additional source)
Lumbrineris minima Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris nuchalis Treadwell, 1921 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris oceanica Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris pallida Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Lumbrineris sarsi Kinberg, 1865 (basis of record)
Lumbrineris simplex Hartman, 1944 accepted as Lumbrineris simplicis Hartman, 1959 (original description)
Lumbrineris simplex Southern, 1921 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris simplex Hartman, 1944 accepted as Lumbrineris simplicis Hartman, 1959 (source of synonymy)
Lumbrineris sphaerocephala (Schmarda, 1861) (basis of record)
Lumbrineris tetraura (Schmarda, 1861) accepted as Scoletoma tetraura (Schmarda, 1861) (additional source)
Marphysa Quatrefages, 1866 (taxonomy source)
Marphysa californica Moore, 1909 (taxonomy source)
Marphysa mossambica (Peters, 1854) (source of synonymy)
Marphysa sanguinea (Montagu, 1813) (additional source)
Northia geophiliformis Moore, 1903 accepted as Nothria geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) accepted as Onuphis geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) (source of synonymy)
Nothria elegans (Johnson, 1901) accepted as Onuphis elegans (Johnson, 1901) (source of synonymy)
Nothria geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) accepted as Onuphis geophiliformis (Moore, 1903) (additional source)
Nothria stigmatis (Treadwell, 1922) accepted as Mooreonuphis stigmatis (Treadwell, 1922) (source of synonymy)
Nothria stigmatis cirrata Hartman, 1944 accepted as Mooreonuphis cirrata (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Nothria stigmatis intermedia Hartman, 1944 accepted as Onuphis (Nothria) veleronis Fauchald, 1980 accepted as Mooreonuphis veleronis (Fauchald, 1980) (original description)
Nothria stigmatis paradiopatra Hartman, 1944 accepted as Kinbergonuphis paradiopatra (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Notocirrus attenuatus (Treadwell, 1906) (basis of record)
Notocirrus californiensis Hartman, 1944 (original description)
Notocirrus margaraticeus Quatrefages, 1866 accepted as Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (source of synonymy)
Notocirrus margaritaceus [auct. misspelling for 'margaraticeus'] accepted as Notocirrus margaraticeus Quatrefages, 1866 accepted as Arabella iricolor (Montagu, 1804) (additional source)
Notocirrus sphaerocephalus Schmarda, 1861 accepted as Lumbrineris sphaerocephala (Schmarda, 1861) (status source)
Notocirrus tetraurus Schmarda, 1861 accepted as Scoletoma tetraura (Schmarda, 1861) (source of synonymy)
Onuphis microcephala Hartman, 1944 accepted as Kinbergonuphis microcephala (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Onuphis peruana Hartman, 1944 accepted as Mooreonuphis peruana (Hartman, 1944) (original description)
Palola paloloides (Moore, 1909) (basis of record)
Palola siciliensis (Grube, 1840) (additional source)
Palolo pallidus Hartman, 1938 accepted as Palolo paloloides (Moore, 1909) accepted as Palola paloloides (Moore, 1909) (source of synonymy)
Staurocephalus erucaeformis Malmgren, 1865 accepted as Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855) (source of synonymy)
Staurocephalus rubrovittatus Grube, 1855 accepted as Dorvillea rubrovittata (Grube, 1855) (source of synonymy)
Classification
Indeterminable, but even the family is uncertain. In Fauchald (1977) Enonella was indeterminable in Iphitimidae, ... [details]
Classification
Chamberlin (1919: 326) places Enonella bicarinata in Lumbrineridae, while commenting that it is incompletely ... [details]
Editor's comment
Lumbrineris bassi is listed as a Scoletoma in the 12th SCAMIT checklist of 2018. Online it is also mentioned as a ... [details]
Etymology
Author: Lumbrineris bassi is named for "late Mr. John F. Bass, Jr., founder of the Bass Biological Laboratory of ... [details]
Taxonomic remark
For reasons unknown Hartman in 1944 (Eunicea article) and 1948 (Kinberg annelids) treated Lumbricus fragilis as ... [details]
Taxonomy
According to Hartman (1944:170) her Arabellidae was a replacement name for the family named as Laidea by Kinberg, ... [details]
Type species
The type species of Lumbrineris is Nereis ebranchiata Pallas, 1788, designated as type by Pettibone (1963: 257), ... [details]
