WoRMS taxon details
Toxometra AH Clark, 1911
Monilimetra HL Clark, 1938 · unaccepted (synonym)
- Species Toxometra bicolor (HL Clark, 1938)
- Species Toxometra lepta (HL Clark, 1938)
- Species Toxometra nomima (HL Clark, 1938)
- Species Toxometra paupera AH Clark, 1911
- Species Toxometra poecila (HL Clark, 1938)
- Species Toxometra aequipinna Gislén, 1922 accepted as Andrometra aequipinna (Gislén, 1922) (synonym)
- Species Toxometra nomina (HL Clark, 1938) accepted as Toxometra nomima (HL Clark, 1938) (misspelling)
- Species Toxometra purpurea AH Clark, 1912 accepted as Toxometra paupera AH Clark, 1911 (synonym)
marine, brackish, fresh, terrestrial
Clark, A. H. (1911). On a collection of unstalked crinoids made by the United States Fisheries Steamer “Albatross” in the vicinity of the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 39(1798): 529-563., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15669703#page/679/mode/1up [details]
Taxonomy "Mr. A. H. Clark included, without comment, the nominal genus Monilimetra H. L. Clark, 1938, in the synonymy of Toxometra....
Taxonomy "Mr. A. H. Clark included, without comment, the nominal genus Monilimetra H. L. Clark, 1938, in the synonymy of Toxometra. Since it also shares with Dorometra the character of the enlarged P3 some comparison is called for as justification for this move, particularly as it was with Dorometra that H. L. Clark gave a comparison. The cirrus segments of Toxometra paupera are distinguished from those of the species of Dorometra by the absence of flared and overlapping distal ends and the relatively shorter distal segments. Monilimetra bicolor appears to approach Dorometra in these characters, to judge from H. L. Clark's figures, but the other three species of Monilimetra have cirri approximating more to those of Toxometra. No mention was made by H. L. Clark of spinous distal productions of the brachials in any of the species of Monilimetra, which are therefore taken to have smooth brachials like those of Dorometra rather than flared spinous ones like Toxometra paupera. However, this character probably has no great reliability...In view of the variable proportions of P4 relative to P3 in T. paupera it is doubtful whether this character is of any use in distinguishing T. lepta. The occurrence of four sympatric species seems to me improbable and the morphological differences between them too slight for all to be justified." [AM Clark in Clark & Clark (1967), pp. 51-52.] [details]
WoRMS (2025). Toxometra AH Clark, 1911. Accessed at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=712066 on 2025-04-07
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Nomenclature
original description
Clark, A. H. (1911). On a collection of unstalked crinoids made by the United States Fisheries Steamer “Albatross” in the vicinity of the Philippine Islands. Proceedings of the United States National Museum 39(1798): 529-563., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/15669703#page/679/mode/1up [details]
original description (of Monilimetra HL Clark, 1938) Clark, H. L. (1938). Echinoderms from Australia, an account of collections made in 1929 and 1932. <em>Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoöology at Harvard College.</em> 55: 1-597, 28 pls., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4374780 [details]
basis of record Hess H, Messing CG (2011) Comatulida. In: Hess H, Messing CG, Ausich WI. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 70–146. [details]
original description (of Monilimetra HL Clark, 1938) Clark, H. L. (1938). Echinoderms from Australia, an account of collections made in 1929 and 1932. <em>Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoöology at Harvard College.</em> 55: 1-597, 28 pls., available online at https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/4374780 [details]
basis of record Hess H, Messing CG (2011) Comatulida. In: Hess H, Messing CG, Ausich WI. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part T, Echinodermata 2 Revised, Crinoidea, vol. 3. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. 70–146. [details]
Other
additional source
Clark, A. H., Clark, A. M. (1967). A monograph of the existing crinoids. <em>Bulletin of the United States National Museum.</em> (82): 1-860. [details]
Present Inaccurate Introduced: alien Containing type locality
From editor or global species database
Diagnosis Antedoninae with distal ends of cirrals not produced and overlapping. Third pinnule longest and stoutest. [details]Taxonomy "Mr. A. H. Clark included, without comment, the nominal genus Monilimetra H. L. Clark, 1938, in the synonymy of Toxometra. Since it also shares with Dorometra the character of the enlarged P3 some comparison is called for as justification for this move, particularly as it was with Dorometra that H. L. Clark gave a comparison. The cirrus segments of Toxometra paupera are distinguished from those of the species of Dorometra by the absence of flared and overlapping distal ends and the relatively shorter distal segments. Monilimetra bicolor appears to approach Dorometra in these characters, to judge from H. L. Clark's figures, but the other three species of Monilimetra have cirri approximating more to those of Toxometra. No mention was made by H. L. Clark of spinous distal productions of the brachials in any of the species of Monilimetra, which are therefore taken to have smooth brachials like those of Dorometra rather than flared spinous ones like Toxometra paupera. However, this character probably has no great reliability...In view of the variable proportions of P4 relative to P3 in T. paupera it is doubtful whether this character is of any use in distinguishing T. lepta. The occurrence of four sympatric species seems to me improbable and the morphological differences between them too slight for all to be justified." [AM Clark in Clark & Clark (1967), pp. 51-52.] [details]
