Chilton (1909a), insisted that he had specimens from New Zealand and identified it with Carolobatea schneideri (Stebbing 1888) to which it took priority. There is so little resemblance between Carolobatea and Paracalliope despite their vaguely confamilial position that it is difficult to understand why Chilton identified Dana's species with Stebbing's unless he misread a figure to the upper right of Dana's drawing of 0. novi-zealandiae as belonging with the group; that figure bears a resemblance to a gnathopod of a Carolobatea. The question now remains whether Chilton did indeed have any species of Carolobatea from New Zealand or whether by a peculiar circular process occurring over many years of study he identified marine paracalliopes with carolobateas without re-investigating the literature.