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Novel observations of Thiobacterium, a sulfur-storing gammaproteobacterium producing gelatinous mats
Grünke, S.; Lichtschlag, A.; de Beer, D.; Kuypers, M.M.; Lösekann-Behrens, T.; Ramette, A.; Boetius, A. (2010). Novel observations of Thiobacterium, a sulfur-storing gammaproteobacterium producing gelatinous mats. ISME J. 4(8): 1031-1043. https://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ismej.2010.23
In: The ISME Journal: Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology. Nature Publishing Group: London. ISSN 1751-7362; e-ISSN 1751-7370
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Thiobacterium
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    gelatinous mats; microsensor; sulfur oxidizer; Thiobacterium
Authors  Top 
  • Grünke, S.
  • Lichtschlag, A.
  • de Beer, D.
  • Kuypers, M.M.
  • Lösekann-Behrens, T.
  • Ramette, A.
  • Boetius, A., more
Abstract
    The genus Thiobacterium includes uncultivated rod-shaped microbes containing several spherical grains of elemental sulfur and forming conspicuous gelatinous mats. Owing to the fragility of mats and cells, their 16S ribosomal RNA genes have not been phylogenetically classified. This study examined the occurrence of Thiobacterium mats in three different sulfidic marine habitats: a submerged whale bone, deep-water seafloor and a submarine cave. All three mats contained massive amounts of Thiobacterium cells and were highly enriched in sulfur. Microsensor measurements and other biogeochemistry data suggest chemoautotrophic growth of Thiobacterium. Sulfide and oxygen microprofiles confirmed the dependence of Thiobacterium on hydrogen sulfide as energy source. Fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that Thiobacterium spp. belong to the Gammaproteobacteria, a class that harbors many mat-forming sulfide-oxidizing bacteria. Further phylogenetic characterization of the mats led to the discovery of an unexpected microbial diversity associated with Thiobacterium.
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