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Phylogenetic analysis of rhodolith formation in the Corallinales (Rhodophyta)
Hernandez-Kantun, J; Riosmena-Rodriguez, R; Hall-Spencer, M; Peña, V.; Maggs, A; Rindi, F (2015). Phylogenetic analysis of rhodolith formation in the Corallinales (Rhodophyta). Eur. J. Phycol. 50(1): 46-61. dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670262.2014.984347
In: European Journal of Phycology. Cambridge University Press/Taylor & Francis: Cambridge. ISSN 0967-0262; e-ISSN 1469-4433
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Hydrolithon (Foslie) Foslie, 1909 [WoRMS]; Lithophyllum Philippi, 1837 [WoRMS]; Lithophyllum dentatum (Kützing) Foslie, 1898 [WoRMS]; Lithophyllum incrustans Philippi, 1837 [WoRMS]; Lithophyllum margaritae (Hariot) Heydrich, 1901 [WoRMS]; Lithothamnion Heydrich, 1897 [WoRMS]; Mesophyllum Me.Lemoine, 1928 [WoRMS]; Neogoniolithon Setchell & L.R.Mason, 1943 [WoRMS]; Neogoniolithon spectabile (Foslie) Setchell & L.R.Mason, 1943 [WoRMS]; Neogoniolithon strictum (Foslie) Setchell & L.R.Mason, 1943 [WoRMS]; Phymatolithon Foslie, 1898 [WoRMS]; Phymatolithon calcareum (Pallas) W.H.Adey & D.L.McKibbin ex Woelkering & L.M.Irvine, 1986 [WoRMS]; Spongites Kützing, 1841 [WoRMS]; Sporolithon Heydrich, 1897 [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    cryptic species; Lithophyllum; maerl; Phymatolithon; psbA; rhodolith;SSU rDNA; synapomorphy
Authors  Top 
  • Hernandez-Kantun, J
  • Riosmena-Rodriguez, R
  • Hall-Spencer, J.
  • Peña, V., more
  • Maggs, A
  • Rindi, F
Abstract
    Although the ecological importance of rhodolith (maerl, free-living coralline algae) beds is well-known, rhodolith-forming species have been neglected in molecular phylogenetic studies. This is the first molecular systematic study aimed at understanding whether the rhodolith habit is a fixed feature in lineages and determining the relationship (phylogenetic vs. environmental) between rhodolith and crustose habits. Phylogenetic relationships of rhodolith-forming species and encrusting coralline algae at generic and species levels were analysed using SSU rDNA and psbA sequences. Extensive sampling in the European North Atlantic, Pacific and Caribbean Mexico of Phymatolithon, Lithothamnion, Lithophyllum and Neogoniolithon taxa forming rhodoliths and crusts was accompanied by examination of type or topotype material. Phylogenetic reconstruction showed that Neogoniolithon contained a monophyletic group of rhodolith-forming species whereas other rhodolith-formers were closely related to encrusting forms in the genera Phymatolithon, Lithothamnion, Mesophyllum, Hydrolithon, Spongites and Sporolithon. DNA analysis showed that the crust-forming Lithophyllum cf. incrustans/dentatum also forms rhodoliths with a stone nucleus that occur on rocky shores. In contrast, species that form beds of non-nucleate rhodoliths (e.g. Neogoniolithon spectabile, N. strictum, Lithophyllum cf. incrustans/dentatum or sp. 1 and Phymatolithon calcareum) rarely form crusts. The rhodolith habit cannot be used to delimit species for taxonomic or identification purposes. Extensive taxonomic revision will be required to deal with problems such as the position of specimens identified as Lithophyllum margaritae in two unrelated lineages.
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