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Seasonal variation in concentration, size, and settling velocity of muddy marine flocs in the benthic boundary layer
Fettweis, M.; Baeye, M. (2015). Seasonal variation in concentration, size, and settling velocity of muddy marine flocs in the benthic boundary layer. JGR: Oceans 120(8): 5648–5667. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010644
In: Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans. AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION: Washington. ISSN 2169-9275; e-ISSN 2169-9291
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Motion > Water motion > Circulation > Water circulation > Shelf dynamics > Nearshore dynamics
    Particulates > Suspended particulate matter
    Separation > Chemical precipitation > Flocculation
    Settling velocity
    Temporal variations > Periodic variations > Seasonal variations
    Transport > Sediment transport
    Marine/Coastal
Authors  Top 
  • Fettweis, M.
  • Baeye, M.
Abstract
    Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM) concentration profiles of the lowest 2 m of the water column and particle size distribution at 2 m above the bed were measured in a coastal turbidity maximum area (southern North Sea) during more than 700 days between 2006 and 2013. The long-term data series of SPM concentration, floc size, and settling velocity have been ensemble averaged according to tidal range, alongshore residual flow direction, and season, in order to investigate the seasonal SPM dynamics and its relation with physical and biological processes. The data show that the SPM is more concentrated in the near-bed layer in summer, whereas in winter, the SPM is better mixed throughout the water column. The decrease of the SPM concentration in the water column during summer is compensated by a higher near-bed concentration indicating that a significant part of the SPM remains in the area during summer rather than being advected out of it. The opposite seasonality between near-bed layer and water column has to our knowledge not yet been presented in literature. Physical effects such as wave heights, wind climate, or storms have a weak correlation with the observed seasonality. The argument to favor microbial activity as main driver of the seasonality lies in the observed variations in floc size and settling velocity. On average, the flocs are larger and thus settling velocities higher in summer than winter.
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