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Dictyota falklandica sp. nov. (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from the Falkland Islands and southernmost South America
Küpper, F.C.; Peters, A.F.; Kytinou, E.; Asensi, A.O.; Vieira, C.; Macaya, E.C.; De Clerck, O. (2019). Dictyota falklandica sp. nov. (Dictyotales, Phaeophyceae) from the Falkland Islands and southernmost South America. Phycologia 58(6): 640-647. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00318884.2019.1648990
In: Phycologia. International Phycological Society: Odense. ISSN 0031-8884; e-ISSN 2330-2968
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Dictyota J.V.Lamouroux, 1809 [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    Cold-temperate; Dictyota; Falkland Islands; Temperature tolerance;Tierra del Fuego
Authors  Top 
  • Küpper, F.C.
  • Peters, A.F.
  • Kytinou, E.
  • Asensi, A.O.
  • Vieira, C., more
  • Macaya, E.C.
  • De Clerck, O., more
Abstract
    Surveys of the seaweed flora of the Falkland Islands and of Tierra del Fuego revealed the presence of a new species of brown alga. Dictyota falklandica sp. nov. inhabits the shallow rocky infralittoral in sheltered localities and the lower intertidal in more exposed sites. Dictyota falklandica has a regular to irregular habit of dichotomously branched blades, forming erect thalli composed of a single-layered cortex and medulla, with margins in the apical parts dotted with dormant apical cells. Sporangia occur in irregular groups or longitudinal lines on the thallus surface. Molecular phylogenies based on chloroplast psbA and rbcL and mitochondrial cox1 sequences showed that the species from the Falkland Islands is sister to a clade formed by D. korowai, recently described from New Zealand and D. kunthii known from both the Pacific coast of South America and New Zealand. Temperature tolerance experiments, showing mortality at 25 °C but survival at 20 °C, confirm the cold-temperate affinity of this taxon. Its relationship to other cold-temperate Southern Hemisphere species is discussed, with its closest relatives living in regions with sea surface temperatures of at least 7–10 °C higher.
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